Biosynthesis Protein - sida ay dhacdo?

biosynthesis Protein ka dhacaan dhammaan xubnaha, unugyada iyo unugyada. Qadarka ugu weyn ee protein dhexsameeysmo beerka. Ribosomes qaado biosynthesis protein. KIIMIKADA, ribosomes - nucleoproteins ka kooban RNA (50-65%) iyo protein (35-50%). Ribonucleic acid yihiin qaybaha granular reticulum endoplasmic, halkaas oo dhaqdhaqaaqa dhacdaa biosynthesis oo u taagoo protein ku dhexsameeysmo jirka.

Ribosomes waxaa laga helaa gudahood gacanta ee foomka of rucubood oo 3 100 unug - polysomes (polyribosomes). Ribosomes waxaa sida caadiga ah isku xidhan thread hanti la arki karo microscope electron hoostiisa - iyo RNA.

ribosome kasta Oden in synthesize ay silsilad polypeptide u gaar ah, koox - dhowr silsilado oo kale oo u taagoo protein.

Steps of biosynthesis protein

Dardargelinta ee acids amino. In hyaloplasm ka dheecaanka interstitial sabab u ah sida-, ingriiska ama gaadiidka firfircoon ee amino acids ka helay. nooc kasta oo amino iyo imino enzyme macaamila shakhsiga - aminoatsilsintetazoy. Xasaasiyada shaqeysiin siifilisku magnesium, manganese, Cobalt. Waxaa jira firfircoonaan acid amino.

Biosynthesis Protein (marxaladda labaad) - iyo ficil xarunta la amino acid m-RNA firfircoonaan. acids amino kacsan (adenylate aminoacyl) isticmaalaya ensaymes wareejiyay t-RNA ee cytoplasm ah. Geedi socodka waa catalyzed by synthetases aminoacyl-tRNA. hadhay amino acid waa la xidhay si group hydroxyl of carboxyl eb labaad nucleotide ribose Carbo ku tRNA ah.

Protein Biosynthesis (marxaladda saddexaad) - gaadiidka dhismaha ee shaqeysiin acid amino la m-RNA ee unugyada ribosome ah. acid The amino lala tRNA ah, waxaa laga soo wareejiyay hyaloplasm on ribosome ah. Geedi socodka waa catalyzed by ensaymes gaar ah, kaas oo jidhka ka mid ahayn ka yar 20. Qaar ka mid ah acids amino gaadiid dhowr tRNA (tus, valine iyo leucine - saddex tRNA). Hawlgalkani waxa uu isticmaalaa tamarta ee GTP iyo ATP. Tallaabada afaraad ee biosynthesis ah waxa lagu gartaa qabanaya of adag aminoacyl-t-RNA iyo RNA ee - ribosome. Aminoacyl-tRNA, waxayna u socdeen ribosome ah macaamila m-RNA. qayb kasta t-RNA ka kooban yahay saddex nucleotides - anticodon. goob mRNA way u dhiganta saddex nucleotides - codon. codon kasta oo u dhigma anticodon tRNA iyo mid amino acid. Inta lagu guda jiro biosynthesis ku xiran yihiin ribosomes ee foomka acids amino aminoacyl-tRNA, oo halkan si uu go'aamiyey in meelaynta codons iyo mRNA loo sameeyay in silsilad polypeptide ah.

marxalada labaad ee ereygu protein - waa bilow ah ee silsiladda polypeptide ah. Ka dib markii laba deriska anticodon aminoacyl-tRNA soo biiray in ay codon-RNA, shuruudaha ereygu wuxuu ahaa ee silsilad polypeptide ah. Xirrira bond peptide ah. Nidaamkan waa mid yihiin catalyzed synthetases peptide, firfircoonaan siifilisku mg oo bilow nooca protein factors F1, F2, F3. Isha tamarta kiimikada waa guanozintrifosfatnaya acid.

Joojinta silsilad polypeptide ah. ribosome The, kaas oo la dhexsameeysmo dushiisa of silsilad polypeptide ah, iyo silsiladda gaadho dhammaadka-RNA, oran "bootin" soo baxay waxaa ka mid ah. Si dhamaadka ka soo horjeeda ee mRNA waxaa ku lifaaqan in ay meel ribosome cusub, taas oo u taagoo daydaa kale polypeptide. silsilad polypeptide waxaa ka go'ay ribosome iyo saxarrada in hyaloplasm. reaction Tani waxaa lagu fuliyaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo arrin gaar ah ha loo sii daayo (R), taas oo ku xiran yahay ribosome iyo fududeeyaa hydrolysis ee ku xirid ku ether dhexeeya polypeptide iyo tRNA.

Ethers oo la sameeyey silsilado polypeptide hyaloplasm ee borotiinada adag. Waxa asaasay dugsiga sare, jaamacadaha iyo xaalado badan - dhismeedka quaternary ee Britain protein ah. Oo saas aawadeed waxaa biosynthesis protein ah ee gacanta.