Annuus Helianthus: Features of beerashada, sharaxaad iyo noocyada

Waxa la yaab leh u eeg beerta qurux badan la sunflowers - dhirta, iyo burooyinkeeda, kuwaas oo la mid qorraxda la sawiro carruurta. Tani mucjiso dahabka-jaalle ah ma aha oo kaliya weyn ay u saftay, waxa ay sidoo kale waa mid aad u faa'iido leh.

In this article ayaan ka hadli doonaa oo ku saabsan waxa gabbaldayaha ah. Annual ama dilka ah waa warshad, xaaladaha nololeed ee uu korayo, maxay kala yihiin noocyada, noocyo, waxaad ku baran doontaa by it reading.

History of wax soo saarka saliidda gabbaldayaha bilaabay in England goor dambe oo qarnigii siddeed iyo tobnaad. Tan iyo markaas, noocyo kala duwan oo la rijeynaya noocyo gabbaldayaha, kaas oo isku daraa iska caabin sare si ay cayayaanka iyo cudurada kala duwan.

Guudmarka

annuus Helianthus - taasi waa waxa ugu muhiimsan ee dunida oilseeds. Tixgelinta iyo shukriya farsamooyinka agronomic codsatay, waxaa aad u faa'iido leh iyo bacrin ah. Aan waxba ee Heraldry ubax gabbaldayaha astaan barwaaqo iyo bacriminta. Intaa waxaa dheer, la yaab leh oo la mid ah dhirta qorraxda in cimilo kasta goobta wax ku abuurtaa jawi dhalaalaya iyo diiran.

Gabbaldayaha waa koray dhulka beeraha ku dhowaad dhammaan bacrin ah sida wax cayriin ee wax soo saarka ee saliidda cuntada oo tayo sare leh. Oo waxaa laga codsadaa sida geedka nectariferous, daawooyinka iyo ornamental.

Waxaa soo baxday in ay jirto hal aan caadi ahayn noociisa ah - tuber gabbaldayaha. Waxaa loo arkaa dalagga qudaar ah.

description

annuus Helianthus (qoyska Asteraceae) - warshad uu leeyahay nidaam xidid wanaagsan, xad si deg deg ah horumarinta ciidda ilaa 140 cm (iyo xaalado gaar ah - ilaa iyo 5 mitir) iyo width ugu badnaan -. 120 cm warshad soo afjaro Woody sare (meelaha lagu gaarey iyo 4 mitir), daboolay timaha. caleemaha wadnaha-qaabeeya Oval waa kuwo waaweyn, oo leh talooyin dhuuban.

Inflorescence of gabbaldayaha - dambiil badan-oo ubax (foomamka saliidda ballaciisu yahay ee 15-20 cm) la disk yar convex ama guri. ubaxyo badan oo ku yaal geesaha - asexual, cawsduur, jaalle ah-orange iyo gebi ahaanba dabooli hawshu dillaac fudud - bisexual, embriyaha, dhinacyada ku ool ah oo yar yar.

Oo ah miraha badan oo waaweyn ayaa bisil gabbaldayaha. Annual warshad herbaceous leeyahay achenes miro, oo ka kooban asaasiga ah iyo qolof ah. gabbaldayaha ku jira celcelis ahaan 22-27% oo saliid ah, halka noocyo fiican - 46% ama in ka badan. Oo dambiilaha midkood, iyada oo ku xidhan nooca iyo daryeelka dabeecadda gabbaldayaha ah, ayaa ka 200 ilaa 7000 achenes.

Waxa uu leeyahay guryaha aad u fiican, daawooyinka (tannic, antiphlogistic iyo si bixi.), Helianthus annuus. formula ee ubaxa: * A (5) T (5) A1.

Gabbaldayaha ee Russia

Gabbaldayaha - warshad caadiga ah ee steppe iyo steppe kaynta goobaha hoos kasta cimilada. Inta Russia oo keena qiyaastii 70% dhammaan dalagga ee adduunka. Warshad Tani waa dalagyadii oilseed ugu weyn koray ee Russia. Laga soo bilaabo miraha ay, dalka soo saara saliida sinsinta iyo warshadaha.

Haraadiga processing waxaa sidoo kale lagama badin: bagasse loo isticmaalo diyaarinta feed for xayawaanka beeraha; ka ash potash ka caws iyo bacrimin helay; fasalka ugu dheer (3-4 m) la mass weyn oo doog ah beerayaa sida dalagga silage ah.

taariikhda dhaqanka

ku dhashay ee warshadda waa aagga koonfureed ee North America. In Russia Helianthus annuus of bandhigay qarnigii 18-mar hore ka Western Europe. Asal ahaan waxaa lagu beerayaa sida geedka ah ornamental, laakiin ka dib bilaabay in ay isticmaalaan abuur gabbaldayaha sida dawayn, oo xidhiidh la leh oo uu bilaabay in uu ka badan la rijeynaya in beero iyo firdows.

Waxaa la og yahay in beerista of gabbaldayaha waa sida geedo saytuun ah ee dalagga beerta waxaa la xidhiidha magaca a ridayeen-Serf Bokarev, ay hore u samaysay 1835 saliidda soo baxay waxaa ka mid ah.

Gaar ahaan si weyn loo dalagga gabbaldayaha markii hore ku qaybiyey Voronezh iyo Saratov, oo ka dib u muuqatay in gobollada kale ee dalka Ruushka.

annuus Helianthus: Foomka nolosha

Form of gabbaldayaha sanadlaha beerayaa kala qaybsan yihiin 3 kooxood:

• gryzovye isagoo achenes ballaaran leh xuduntii yar, oo sidaas daraaddeed waxay leeyihiin content a saliid hoose. pericarp ee offline gabbaldayaha lakabka gaashaaman, dhirta this si kastaba ha ahaatee si fudud ay waxyeello diir aboor gabbaldayaha,

• oilseeds waa achenes yar yar ee lakabka gaashaaman ee pericarp ah;

• flaxes matalaya noocyada KMG ah inta u dhaxaysa oilseeds iyo noocyo gryzovymi.

In Russia, danta ugu weyn ee warshadaha jira noocyo of gabbaldayaha oilseed.

About noocyo gabbaldayaha

annuus Helianthus uu leeyahay noocyo kala duwan oo noocyo beerayaa in aannu mar, si buuxda u waafaqsan shuruudaha wax soo saarka ee hadda jira.

Kala duwan hore-bislaada of dhexe-iyo. Waxaa jira eyda in hubkaas ayaa loo isticmaalaa in ay qurxiyaan meelaha beerta iyo beerta. Hoos waxaa ku qoran waxaa si kooban u soo bandhigay qaar ka mid ah kuwa ugu badan ee dhaqanka ee kala duwan ee sunflowers.

noocyo hore-ku bislaada

Gabbaldayaha Albatross waa caan ah ay content saliid xad sare. Kala duwan waa abaarta u adkaysta, ma kasteba cudurka iyo dhaawac ka soo cayayaanka. Dhammaataan ay jawaab u tahay hababka ballaaran ee beerashada. kala duwan oo wuxuu u koraa si 195 cm ee height.

Busuluk ka kooban yahay saliid 54% in miraha. fasalka abaarta arrin iyo leedahay dhalidda ah oo deggan ee cimilada kala duwan. Waxay u baahan tahay bacarimiso Bacriminta iyo beeraha oo tayo leh. Its height gaadho 168 cm.

Mid-fasalka

kala duwan flagship waxay leedahay tiro badan oo ah miraha beeraha. content The saliid ku - 55%. Waxay jeelyihiin in koray geedka, oo gaarey 206 cm.

Favorit sidoo kale kala duwanaayeen content saliid sare - 53%. fasalka kala duwan oo adkaysi u saliidaha suuska hydrolytic, oo xidhiidh la leh oo ah waxyaabaha la helay cayriin uu leeyahay tiro acid yar yahay. Plant koraa 200 cm ee height.

Master cultivar soo saar sare ku jira 54 achenes saliid%. Nasiib wanaag waxa ay jawaab u hordhaca ah ee Bacriminta ku haboon.

All of kala duwan, kuwaas oo vysokotolerantny in Phomopsis adkaysi u broomrape, aboor gabbaldayaha iyo-engeeg iyo budada been ah.

qayb ka mid ah tuber gabbaldayaha (Yeruusaalem artichoke)

Noocaan wuxuu koray sidii balka, farsamo ama dhaqanka madaxtooyada. Warshad ku koraa si fiican ee cimiladu ka badan koonfurta. Tan waxa u sabab xaqiiqda ah in uu gabowga dhacdaa keliya ka September si November, iyadoo ku xiran kala duwan. soosaarkooda Yeruusaalem dalagga artichoke ilaa 35 tan oo tubers baaluq halkii hektar.

Waxaa jira warshad kale soo saaray isgoyska - topinsolnechnik. Tubers gadood weyn ayaa gabbaldayaha ah.

Beerista of gabbaldayaha: Shuruudaha

Warshad dalbaday in carradu, kuwaas oo ugu fiican isaga chernozem yihiin gudboon, loamy, kala duwan ee hodanka ah ee nafaqooyinka. carradu bacaadka haboonayn. barametereka wanaagsan gabbaldayaha waa shaciir guga, sarreen ah jiilaalka, hadhuudh iyo digirta. Mar labaad ee gabbaldayaha isku meel aan ka horeyn 7-9 sano beeray. Ma loo baahan yahay si ay u beeran meel sanadkii la soo dhaafay dalagga xidid kordhaya Yeruusaalem artichoke cows dilka ah, kuwaas oo ka dib markii dalagga ee cudurrada caadiga ah.

Gabbaldayaha si fiican ay jawaab u tahay Bacriminta. The cayayaanka ugu khatarta badan ee dhirta waa wireworms, iyo jiriqsiga iyo-Krawczyk, shiponoska, gabbaldayaha barbel. Against cayayaanka iyo cudurada (qudhmay oo cad iyo miridhku) isticmaalaan siyaabo kala duwan: agronomic, kiimikada iyo farsamo.

beeridda

Sida kaymo annuus Helianthus? Koraaya ka soo abuur si toos ah berrin bannaan - sida ugu weyn. Waxaa lagu beeray karaa oo geedo pre-diyaarisay.

Loo isticmaalaa beero miraha kala duwan la sii daayay iyada oo arrin biqilka sare iyo beero tayada wanaagsan qaar ka mid ah. Seeds sida caadiga ah waa in la dhexdiisa, maxaa yeelay isku qiyaas iyo caleemaha si siman saaxiibtinimo ka, wuxuuna u kordhiyaa wax soo saarka.

U hubso in aad beero gabbaldayaha ka dib markii kululaynta ee ciidda waa in lagu sameeyo +10 ... +12 ° C, haddii kale waxaa jiri doona hoos u dhac ku abuur dhalidda.

waa cajiib ah

annuus Helianthus weynaato dunida oo dhan. Laakiin gabbaldayaha - warshad Ruush run waxaa dibadda loo aqoonsan yahay. qayb muhiim ah oo dhulka miyiga ah waa kuwan ubaxyo jaalle ah madow, ee ku taalla bartamaha abuur ah.

In Jarmalka theme park Europa-Park (labaad Germany ugu weyn oo Yurub ah marka la eego tirada visitors) ayaa zone a Ruush, halkaas oo sunflowers koraan. Oo Berlin, in mid ka mid ah meelaha ay, xagaaga degtaa "laqdaba sunflower": beerta gabbaldayaha la Waddooyinkiisa sir ah. In Austria jiro park la sunflowers on dhirta, kuwaas oo, iyo noocyo kala duwan ee noocyada iyo noocyo.

gunaanad

beeraha baaxad daboolay ubax sunflowers dahab ah, u muuqataa picturesque, dhalaalaya iyo farxad xataa in hawadu xumaato. Kuwa doonaya in ay qurxiyaan ay shuud loo abuuro jawi isku mid ah oo dhalaalaya, raaxo iyo farxad aad u isticmaali karto sunflowers sanadlaha madaxtooyada qurux badan.

Waxay leeyihiin ubax jaalaha la yaab leh qalafsaneyn, kaas oo ku dhawaad waa miraha aan la arki karin. Xitaa fasalka iyaga leeyihiin magacyo jilicsan fiican: Bear, Teddy Bear, Teddy Bear, Teddy Bear, Teddy Bear. Indeed, ubaxa waa kubada dahabka nidaamsan, sida pompom dhogorta ah. sunflowers Kuwanu, waxbay ushafeeci idanka eegno halkii cajiib ah ee sariiraha ubaxa iyo ubaxu dheer.

Tani ubax aan qabyo ahayn cute la Tent huruud ah dhalaalaya keenaa beerta more iftiin, cusub iyo aad u badan oo tamarta qorraxda.