Amitosis - waa hab lagu kala qeybinta unug

Tusidda macluumaadka ku jira qodobkan u suurtogelin doonaa akhristaha si ay u bartaan oo ku saabsan mid ka mid ah jidadka qeybinta unug - amitosis. Waxaan ka heli doonaa muuqaalada koorsada of habka this, ka fiirsan kala duwan ka soo noocyada kale ee qeybinta iyo in ka badan.

Waa maxay amitosis

Amitosis - nooc ka mid ah horyaalka heerka unugyada si toos ah. Tani waxa sabab u ah caadiga ah qeybinta xuduntii laba qaybood. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa laga yaabaa in ay lumiyaan wajiga sameynta dunmiiqa ay u qaybsadaan. ligation A dhacdaa iyada oo aan uumiga chromatin. Amitosis - geeddi-socodka ah ee soo jireenka ah unugyada xayawaanka iyo dhirta, iyo sidoo kale protozoa.

Laga soo bilaabo taariikhda iyo cilmi-baarista

Robert Remak ee 1841 siiyey qeexidda hannaanka amitosis markii ugu horeysay, laakiin ereyga laftiisa badan dambe yimid. Horeba 1882 nin cilmiga nafleyda barta a iyo soo jeedo Jarmal histologist, Walter Flemming bixiyey magaca casriga ah ee geedi socodka. cell Amitosis ee dabiiciga ah waa dhif, laakiin waxa laga yaabaa in inta badan dhacaan, tan iyo markii ay lagama maarmaan tahay.

Features habka

Sida qeybinta unug dhaco? Amitosis u badan tahay in ay ka dhacdo unugyada isagoo hoos u dhaqdhaqaaqa mitotic. Sayidka, set unugyada waa in la dilaa waa iyada oo sababtu tahay da 'ama dabiiciga ah ee isbedelka bahal, daahin karaa uu dhintay markii qaar ka mid ah.

Amitosis - geeddi-socodka ah, taas oo gobolka xuduntii inta lagu guda jiro interphase hayn sifooyinka ay morphological: nucleolus ah in si cad loo arki karaa, iyo sidoo kale ay qolof, DNA aan la hirgaliyay, chromatin - protein, DNA iyo RNA ma spiraleziruyutsya iyo aqoonsiga ee koromosoom oo ku jira xuduntii unugyada eukaryotic maqan yahay.

Waxaa jirta horyaalka heerka unugyada aan toos ahayn - maytosis. Amitosis, in la barbardhigo, wuxuu kuu ogolaanayaa gacanta ka dib markii horyaalka heerka ilaalinta hawlaha sida element shaqaynaya ah. Dunmiiqa (qaab-dhismeedka, waayo, kalasaar koromosoom) marka amitosis aan sameeyay, laakiin xudunta waxaa weli u kala qaybsan, oo natiijo ah oo geedi socodkan waxa weeye qaybinta random macluumaad hidde. La'aanta habka cytokinetic keentay in dhalmo ee unugyada la laba nuclei, oo geli kari maayo wareegga caadiga maytosis mustaqbalka. aaminin Multiple amitosis waxay keeni kartaa in formation of unugyada la hannaanka ka mid ah diirkja.

Xaaladda hadda jirta

Amitosis sida fikradda ah waxay bilaabeen inay soo baxaan tiro ka mid ah buugaagta ee 80 sano ee qarnigii labaatanaad. Si aad u taariikhda, waxaa jira talooyin in dhammaan hababka in hore ku lifaaqan hoos fikrad this, dhab ahaantii khalad u tarjumid natiijada cilmi-baarista ku saabsan bogagga diyaar u liidata. Qubarada badankooda ayaa aaminsan arrin ku kala qeybinta unug, Ulasocto burburinta ee la soo dhaafay, waxay keeni kartaa in ay isku mid qaldan fahamsan yahay waxaana lagu micneeyey xogta. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qaar ka mid ah hababka of kala qeybinta unugyada eukaryotic aan loo saarin karaa in maytosis meiosis toona. Tusaale ahaan A duwanyihiin of this waa xaqiijinta iyo habka qaybinta macronuclear (ciliates bu'da unugga, size waaweyn), inta lagu guda jiro kuwaas oo qaar ka mid ah qaybo kalasaar koromosoomyada waa inkastoo xaqiiqda ah in dunmiiqa waxaa la aasaasay si ay u qaybsadaan.

Waa maxay sabab u tahay dhibaato ka mid ah geedi socodka amitosis waxbarasho? Xaqiiqada ah in this ifafaale waa adag tahay in la ogaado oo ku saabsan qaababka ay morphological. go'aan noocan oo kale ah waa lagu kalsoonaan karin. Awoodid la'aan in si cad loo garto calaamadaha amitosis habka fataahadda ku saleysan xaqiiqda ah in aan dhammaan dhexda nuclear waa calaamad ka mid ah amitosis. Oo xataa dumbbell ay qaab, kaas oo si cad u muujiyay in xuduntii, oo kaliya la xidhiidhi karaa nooca rogid. Sidoo kale Cidhiidh xuduntii laga yaabaa in ay sabab u ahayd arrin xun horaysa horyaalka heerka by maytosis. Inta badan waxa ay dhacdaa isla markiiba ka dib endomitosis amitosis (koromosoom habka laban laabmay aan qeybinta unugyada, iyo xuduntii). Sida caadiga ah amitosis natiijada habka in labanlaabka ah ee bu'da unugga. Ku celcelinta of this ifafaale abuuraa hannaanka ah nuclei cell. Sayidka amitosis abuuraa unugyada la koromosoom dhigay nooca polyploid.

gunaanad

Koobaya, waxaan dhihi karaa amitosis in - geeddi-socodka ah inta lagu guda jiro kuwaas oo gacanta u qaybsan yahay nooc ka mid ah si toos ah, ie fission nuclear meel laba qaybood. Geedi socodka laftiisa ma awoodo in ay bixiyaan qeybinta unug galay siman, toortaha isku mid. Tani waxay sidoo kale khuseysaa macluumaad ku saabsan hiddo gacanta.

Hawlgalkani waxa uu leeyahay tiro ka mid ah kala duwanaanshaha af badan oo ka wajiga by maytosis. Farqiga ugu muhiimsan ee geedi socodka hawlgalka maytosis iyo amitosis jiro qolof baabba 'core iyo nucleolus amitosis, iyo socodka habka aan formation of dunmiiqa ah, bixinta macluumaadka qeybinta. Cytokinesis kiisaska intooda badan aan la kala qaybiyey.

Currently, ma jiraan waxbarashada ee xilligii casri ah, taas oo si cad u aqoonsan karaa amitosis sida nooc ka mid ah xumaanshaha cell. Isla sidaas u dhaqmaan amitosis aragtida sida hab of kala qeybinta unug ay sabab u tahay jiritaanka aad u yar qaybintii jidhka cell oo dhan. Maxaa yeelay, amitosis laga yaabaa in si fiican loo gudbiyo hababka sharciyeed dhaca unugyada gudahood.