America: dadka qaarada Afrika ee, asal ahaan iyo dabeecadihiisa

Americas ka kooban yahay laba qaaradood oo waaweyn - Waqooyiga iyo Koonfurta America. On dhulka ka mid ah 23 marka hore waa weyn iyo dawladnimadayadii oo madax yar, iyo qaybta labaad oo ka mid ah 15 dal. The dadka wadaniga ah ayaa halkan Hindida, ESKIMOSKA, Aleuts, iyo kuwa kale. Ka dib markii la ogaaday of World Cusub by Christopher Columbus ee 1492, wuxuu bilaabay gumaysigii firfircoon. Taa awgeed, dhan qaaradda dadweynaha American hadda waa iyo xidido ku leeyahay Yurub. Waa in la ogaadaa in, sida laga soo xigtay diiwaanka taariikheed, Vikings ugu horeysay ee halkan soo booqday oo ku saabsan mid ka mid kun oo sano ka hor. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, guutadii waxay ahaayeen dhif ah, sidaa darteed saamayn wayn ku yeelan dadka aan sameeyey.

Halabuurka The qowmiyadaha ee deggan North American ah

Sida maanta, on waynaha ee North America dadka inta badan waa ay ka dhigan tahay oo durriyadii British, French, iyo Spain oo halkan degeen inta lagu guda jiro gumaysigii. Marka tan la eego, inta badan oo ka mid ah dadka deegaanka ah dalalka u isticmaali luqadaha ay khusayso. marka laga reebo An yaabaa in loo tixgeliyo qaar ka mid ah dadyowga Indian, ugu horrayn ee ku nool dalka reer Mexico. Waxa ay u suurtagashay in ay ilaashadaan afkooda hooyo ilaa maantadan la joogo. About labaatan million oo Maraykan ah Negroes. awowayaashood ayaa halkan ka Africa by guumaystayaashii keenay si ay u siiyaan shaqada addoon in beeraha maxaliga ah. Hadda waxay si rasmi ah loo arkaa qayb ka mid ah ay quruuntii oo American oo inta badan ku nool yihiin dalka Mareykanka, iyo sidoo kale in ka Caribbean, halkaas oo sidoo kale ay jiraan tiro badan oo ah mulattos iyo mestizos.

size dadka iyo cufnaanta

Tirada dadka North America ayaa ka badan 528 milyan oo qof. Inta badan oo iyaga ka mid yihiin in Maraykanka, Canada iyo Mexico. In labada dal ugu horeeya waxaa ku badan Wiilashii muhaajiriinta ka France iyo England, iyo kii saddexaad - ka Spain. Halkan quruumaha ilbaxnimada ugu horeysay la abuuray Mayan iyo Aztec. feature An xiiso leh tilmaamay qaaradda of North America - dadka waxaa loo qeybiyaa aad u di'in. Its cufnaanta ugu sarreeya lagu arkay Caribbean iyo qaybta koonfureed. Halkan waxaa ah in ka badan laba boqol oo qof oo ah halkii kiiloomitir oo laba jibbaaran. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, tiradaasi waa mid qaali ah in qaybta bari ee qaarada iyo United States.

Halabuurka The qowmiyadaha ee deggan South America

Asal ahaan, on waynaha reer South America dadka ka wakiil yahay saddex jinsiyadaha weyn - Caucasoid, Mongoloid iyo Equatorial. Halabuurka Its qowmiyadaha waa inta badan la xiriira in qaar ka mid ah dhegyadii ee taariikhda horumarka gobolka. Currently, waxaa ku nool wakiilada ku dhawaad 250 quruumaha, kuwaas oo intooda badan, ka duwan Waqooyi, sameeyey xad dhawaan. Ka qaybqaado ay formation qaaday Hindida wadaniga ah iyo muhaajiriinta Yurub iyo addoommo Afrika.

Haddaba dadka reer South America inta uu ka kooban yahay Creoles - farcankiisa ka mid ah ugu guulaysannaa ee Spain iyo Portugal, kuwaas oo u dhashay qaaradda this. Haddii aan bilaabo dhimaya sida dhowr ah, waxaana ku xiga mestizos iyo mulattos. , Inta badan dalalka halkan ku yaal leedahay qaab halkii adag ee dadka deggan, oo ku salaysan barta qowmiyadaha of view. Tusaale ahaan, in Brazil ay jiraan siddeetan qabiilooyinka (marka laga reebo yar), ee Argentina - konton konton ah, ee Venezuela, Peru, Chile, Colombia iyo Bolivia - in ka badan labaatan in dal kasta.

Tirada dadka South American iyo cufnaanta

Sida laga soo xigtay xogta rasmiga ah ee ugu dambeeyay, dadka reer South America ka badan sumadda 382 milyan oo qof. Its cufnaanta celcelis ahaan qaaradda waa in kala duwan oo ka soo toban ilaa soddon deggan halkii kiiloomitir oo laba jibbaaran. tiradaasi Tani waa hoose oo kaliya in Bolivia, Suriname, Guyana iyo Faransiis Guiana. In South America, cilmi badan oo la kala saaro laba nooc oo waaweyn oo dejinta - gudaha iyo priokeansky. The ugu horeysay oo ka mid ah waxa lagu gartaa inta badan by dalalka Andean (tusaale Bolivia, taas oo ah dalka ugu badan ee buuraleyda ah ee dunida), iyo labaad - dalalka kee horumarinta waxaa saameeya gumaysigii reer Yurub by (Argentina, Brazil).

Luqadaha ee South America

dadka South America ee dalalka ugu hadlaya Isbaanish. Isagu waa sarkaal ee dalalka badan oo maxali ah. Xaaladdan oo kale, ma suurtowdo in aan ku xuso xaqiiqada ah in waxa ku jira tiro aad u badan oo ah amaahashada ka Ingiriisi, Faransiis, Talyaani iyo Jarmal. kaalinta labaad waxaa iska leh Portuguese waynaha. dalka ugu weyn kuwaas oo waxaa loo aqoonsan yahay si rasmi ah, waa Brazil. Ka mid ah Ingiriiska ku hadla dhulalka la ogaadaa kartaa Guyana, oo mar waxay ahayd mustacmarad British. In Paraguay, Bolivia iyo Peru, gobolka labaad waa luqadaha Indian - Aztec, Guraani iyo Quechua.