Xabagta arsenic: diyaarinta iyo guryaha

In sida element a miiska wareegsan, sida arsenic, waxaa degan meel at biraha - bacayn. By ay hawlaha u dhexeeyaa hydrogen iyo copper ah. dabeecadda Non-macdan muujiyey in xaqiiqda ah in ay awoodo in ay gutaan degree ah lagu qayilo -3 (Ash ₃ - arsine). Xeryahooda la qayilo gobolka wanaagsan +3 leeyihiin guryaha amphoteric, iyo heerka uu +5 mariyo hantida acidic. Waa maxay xabagta arsenic?

Oxides iyo hydroxides

Kuwa soo socda oxides arsenic: Sida ₂ O ₃ iyo Sida ₂ O _5. Waxa kale oo jira hydroxides ah oo u dhiganta:

• Metamyshyakovistaya acid HAsO _2.
• Ortomyshyakovistaya acid H ₃ Aso _3.
• Metamyshyakovaya acid HAsO _3.
• Ortomyshyakovaya acid H ₃ Aso _4.
• Piromyshyakovaya acid H ₂ Sida ₄ O _7.

Waa maxay trioxide arsenic?

xabagta arsenic foomamka labo ka mid ah kuwaas oo Sida ₂ O ₃ ayaa trioxide magaca. walax Tani, taas waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa si loogu daweeyo, laakiin ma aha kiimiko dhib lahayn. Tani xarunta imanba taas oo ah xeryahooda waaweyn il organoarsenicheskih (xeryahooda ka kooban bond carbon c) iyo kuwo kale oo badan. isticmaalka badan oo Sida ₂ O ₃ waa lagu muransan yahay sababta oo ah nooca sunta ah ee element ah. Magaca ganacsiga ee xarunta tani waa Trisenox.

macluumaad guud oo ku saabsan trioxide

formula kiimikada ee trioxide arsenic uu leeyahay qaab soo socda Sida ₂ O _3. Miisaanka uu leeyahay kelli ee xarunta waa 197,841 g / mol. Waxaa jira siyaabo badan si ay u helaan xabagta this. Mid ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah waa galidda ee ore sulphide. reaction kiimikada waa sida soo socota:

2As ₂ O ₃ + 9O ₂ → 2As ₂ O ₃ + 6Sidaa aawadeed ₂

Inta badan oxides ah waxaa laga heli karaa sida byproduct ah howsha senti kale. Arsenopyrite waa nijaas caadi ah in dahab iyo copper, iyo waxa ay soo bandhigtay trioxide arsenic, marka kululeeyo ay joogaan hawada. Tani waxay keeni kartaa in lagu sumoobo daran.

Dhismaha trioxide ku arsenic

trioxide arsenic leedahay formula ah Sida ₄ O ₆ ee wejiyada dareere ah iyo gaaska (hoos 800 ° C). In wejiyada kuwan, waa isostructural la trioxide fosforovym (P ₄ O _6). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka heerkulku kor 800 ° C Sida ₄ O ₆ duma in kelli Sida ₂ O _3. Marxaladan waa isostructural la trioxide diizotrona (N ₂ O _3). In ay adke, xarunta waxa ay tusinaysaa awoodda polymorph (awoodda ay u jiraan in laba ama ka badan noocyada dhisme crystal).

Guryaha ee trioxide arsenic

Qaar ka mid ah guryaha aasaasiga ah ee trioxide arsenic waa sida soo socota:

• xal trioxide sameeyaan acid daciif biyo. Tan waxa u sabab xaqiiqada ah in xarunta amphoteric waa xabagta midabyo kala ah.
• Waa L. in xal cawaaqib xumadoodu waxay ku nooleeya arsenate.
• trioxide arsenic ayaa milmi sare ee Aashito (HCL), iyo ugu dambayntii wuxuu siiyaa xoog ah trichloride arsenic iyo acid.
• Waxaa pentoxide siinayaa (Sida ₂ O ₅₎ in joogitaanka oxidants xoog sida hydrogenperoxid ah, Allena iyo nitric acid.
• Isagu waa ku dhawaad beelaya in dareeraha wax organic.
• Waxa ay u muuqataa adag oo caddaan ku jiro xaalad jirka caadiga ah.
• Waxay leedahay hal dhibic barafku ka mid ah 312,2 ° C iyo dhibic karaya ah 465 ° C. a
• cufnaanta ee wax this waa 4.15 g / cm ^3.

Isticmaalka trioxide arsenic ee daawo

kiimikada Tani waa fasalka ka mid ah wakiilada antineoplastic, waxaana loo isticmaalaa in lagu daaweeyo kansarka. sumoobo arsenic waxaa si fiican u yaqaan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, trioxide arsenic waa daroogada chemotherapy loo isticmaalo in lagu daaweeyo noocyo ka mid ah kansarka sanado badan. Xalka loo isticmaalo daweynta tani waxaa la yiraahdaa xal Fowler. In 1878 Hospital City godu Boston ayaa sheegay in xal this waxaa laga yaabaa wax ku ool ah in la yareeyo tirada leukocytes in aadanuhu.

Natiijada ₂ O ₃ waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa daaweynta leukaemia, inta ilaa uu bedelay radiotherapy. Laakiin ka dib markii 1930, waxaa si tartiib tartiib ah dib ay caan ku daaweynta leukaemia, ilaa inta uu jiro ahayd chemotherapy casri ah. xabagta arsenic waxaa loo arkaa habka ugu wanaagsan ee daaweynta Blodcancerförbundet. Xataa maantadan walax this waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu daaweeyo nooc gaar ah oo leukemia promyelocytic ba'an la retinoid guuleysan ama chemotherapy anthracycline. Waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa in lagu daaweeyo kansarka chronic myeloid, myeloma, leukemia myeloid ba'an, lymphoma, kansarka nidaamka durey.

Isticmaalka trioxide

trioxide arsenic waxaa si balaadhan looga isticmaalaa in soo saaridda ee dhalooyinka Biyuhu. Xarunta Tani waxay sidoo kale waa muhiim in qalabka korontada si ay u dhisaan semiconductors iyo Alloys qaar ka mid ah. Waxa loo isticmaalaa in rinjiga. trioxide arsenic waxaa laga yaabaa wax ku ool ah ee daaweynta ee burooyinka maskaxda.

In la soo dhaafay, walax this waxaa loo isticmaalaa in ilkaha, laakiin sababtoo ah waa xarunta a heer sare ah sun ah, isticmaalka ilkaha oo casri ah ayaa la joojiyay. xabagta arsenic (Sida ₂ O Formula ₃₎ sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa sida xafidayaal qoryo, laakiin qalabka sida waa la mamnuucay in meelo badan oo dunida ah. Isku dhafan oo copolymer copper trioxide arsenic siinayaa Midabka dhalaalaysa oo cagaar ah.

walax aadka sun ah

Trioxide laftiisa uu leeyahay heer sare ah sumoobo. Sidaa darteed, waa in aad had iyo jeer qaado taxadarka loo baahdo ka hor inta aanad u isticmaalin. Waxay noqon kartaa mid aad u halis ah in arrimaha soo socda:

• Cuntada. Haddii Sida ₂ O _3, si qalad ah uu helo galay marinka dheef shiidka, waa inaad isla markiiba la tasho dhakhtar. Waxaa laguma talinayo in ay isku dayaan si ay u abaari matag hor raadinaya gargaar caafimaad. loo baahan yahay in meesha laga saaro dharka wax dhagan, qaado oo uu kulanka, unbutton collar, suunka iyo wixii la mid ah D..
• La xiriir la maqaarka. In case of xiriir la dusha kasta oo jirka ah waa in ay si deg deg ah ku dhaq meesha ay dhibaatadu saameysey la biyo fara badan. dharka iyo kabaha wasakheysan waa in isla markiiba laga saaray, waana in ka hor inta reuse ay la dhaqo. In case of maqaarka xiriir aad u daran, waa inaad isla markiiba hesho kaalmo caafimaad. Waxaa laga yaabaa in faa'iido u nadiifiyo dhaqo ee aagga cudurka saabuun iyo codsiga cream bakteeriyada.
• indhaha. Haddii Sida ₂ O ₃ yimaado xiriir la indhaha, waxa ugu horeeya ee la sameeyo waa in meesha laga saaro wax malahan iyo dhaqmo il biyo 15 daqiiqo. Waxaa lagu talinayaa in la isticmaalo biyo qabow. Barbaro ah in ay this, qof uu u yeedho ambalaaska.
• Neefsasho. Dadka u neefsado gaaska, waa in lagu meeleeyaa goob ka duwan la hawo cusub. Sidoo kale, waa inaad isla markiiba hesho kaalmo caafimaad. Haddii dhibaato neefsasho, oxygen waa in si degdeg ah ay maamusho. Haddii dhibbanuhu uusan awoodin in uu neefsado on iyaga u gaar ah, waxaad u baahan tahay in la siiyo Neefta macmal ah.
• Xarunta Tani waxaa laga yaabaa in saamayn sun on aadanuhu. In case of qofku cuno xaddi dhaafka ah ee trioxide arsenic, waxaa laga yaabaa in xataa dhimasho sababi. koob Ammaanka iyo gacmo gashi waa in had iyo jeer la isticmaalaa marka la As ₂ O _{3 shaqeeya.} Work waa in had iyo jeer la sameeyaa meel si fiican-gasho hawo.

waxyeellooyin

Waxyeelooyinka ugu badan waxa ka mid ah mukhaadaraadka waxaa ka mid ah calaamadaha sida:

• cunto xumo,
• matag,
• lalabo,
• calool-xanuun,
• calool;
• madax-xanuun,
• daal,
• wareer;
• qandho,
• neefta oo qofka dhibta,
• heerka sare ee leukocytes;
• sonkorta dhiigga ee sareeya,
• finan maqaarka ah.

In ka yar waxyeellooyin caadiga ah waxaa ka mid ah:

• afka oo qalala,
• neefsashada oo khilaafsan,
• feedho xanuun,
• heerarka hooseeya ee leucocytes;
• murqaha iyo lafaha xanuun;
• barar wajiga iyo indhaha;
• shuban;
• gariirka,
• sonkorta dhiigga ee hooseeya,
• heerarka ogsijiinta Low ee dhiigga.

Waxyeellooyinka naadirka ah ee As ₂ O _3:

• garaac aan caadi ahayn (oo xitaa keeni kartaa dhimasho);
• korodh miisaan,
• suuxid,
• -Maskax maqan;
• kooma,
• caloosha oo barara,
• madoobaato maqaarka.

Naf-gooyada ah astaamaha soo-gaadhista in trioxide arsenic - korodh miisaan ah, qandho, neefsashada oo dhib ah, neefta oo ku qabata, xabad xanuun, qufac.

trioxide arsenic waa shay aad u sun ah, oo xataa waxay keeni kartaa in nolosha. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxa uu leeyahay in uu noqdo mid waxtar leh oo duurka ku caafimaad. Waa in aan had iyo jeer in ay sameeyaan taxaddaro.

falgalka kiimikada

trioxide arsenic waa amphoteric oxides sare ee arsenic iyo xalalka ay aqueous waa imaanshada acidic. Sidaas darteed, waa diyaar L. in xal cawaaqib xumadoodu waxay si aad u hesho arsenates. Waa yar L. ee acids, marka laga reebo Hydrochloric.

Kaliya la oxidants xoog sida Allena, hydrogenperoxid iyo nitric acid, waxa la aasaasay of arsenic penta-xabagta la degree ah aysidhka of 5 ₂ O _5. Ku saabsan iska caabin ah lagu qayilo, trioxide arsenic ka duwan trioxide fosfooraska, kuwaas oo si fudud u shideen pentoxide fosfooraska. Dhimista siinayaa arsenic aasaaska ama arsine (Ash _3).

pentoxide arsenic

pentoxide Formula Chemical waa Sida ₂ O _5. Its mass gaws ee 229.8402 g / mol. Waa budo cad hygroscopic la cufnaanta ah 4,32 g / cm ^3. barta barafku gaadho 315 ° C, at taas oo uu bilaabo inuu cawisa. walax waxa uu leeyahay milmi wanaagsan ee biyaha iyo khamriga. guryaha xabagta arsenic samaysaa aadka sun ah oo khatar u ah deegaanka. Xarunta Tani imanba taas oo ka yar caadiga ah, ee aadka sun ah oo sidaas daraaddeed helaa codsi ganacsiga xadidan oo kaliya, ka duwan xabagta ku arsenic sare (Sida ₂ O Formula _3).

Arsenic la og yahay ugu horrayn sida sunta ah iyo kansarka. Its trioxide - budada biyo-L a, oo soo saarta xal midab, Faylasha iyo ur. Waxa ay ahayd hab caanka ah ee ay ku dhinteen in qarniyadii dhexe. Its isticmaalka socota illaa maanta, laakiin ujeedooyin nabad ah oo tiro yar.