Waa maxay muhiimadda ay shimbiraha ee dabiiciga ah iyo nolosha aadanaha? noocyada dabar go'aya

Imaatinka duurka dhexdiisa ama soo webiga, waxaan ku raaxaysan dhawaaqa ee dabiiciga ah, kuwaas oo intooda badan si sax ah loo soo saaro Shimbiraha. Waxay ku gabyaan karo, qaylo, firimbi, cod xiin, oo aan codkooda kala duwan, kuwaas oo meelaha uma muuqdaan noo si soo jiidasho leh. Laakiin waxa kale oo macnaha shimbiraha ee dabeecadda iyo nolosha aadanaha? waxaa sida ay u saameeyeen u dhawaanshaha dadka?

Qaybinta shimbiraha caalamka

Shimbiraha waxaa laga helaa on dhammaan qaaradaha, iyo sidoo kale jasiiradaha ugu dadka. Waxay ka dego meel kasta koraan daaqsinka, iyo waxaa jira dadkuba ku nool, taas oo ku haboon iyaga u cunto. degaanada ay - tifqaan, kaymaha, lamadegaanka iyo buuraha, dhoobada, Dhuldhoobo iyo deel. Waxa kale oo jira baalal ah, in wakhtiga intiisa badan waa in badda furan. Sida laga soo xigtay qaar ka mid ah qiyaasaha, dunida waxaa ka jira in ka badan 9000 noocyada shimbiraha. kala duwan ugu weyn ee Shimbiraha waxaa laga heli karaa kaynta kulaylaha. tirada ugu yar ee noocyada yihiin ee Antarctic iyo Arctic ah, halkaas oo xaalado yihiin mid aad u adag. Laakiin waxaa guriga waa in badan oo ka mid ah shakhsiyaadka ee noocyada a.

Faa'iidooyinka shimbiraha

Laakiin waa maxay muhiimadda ay shimbiraha ee dabiiciga ah iyo nolosha aadanaha, taas oo u baahan kala duwan oo kale ah? Waxa xiiso leh in noocyada kasta waxay leedahay degaanka u gaar ah ee hawsha. Dhammaan shimbiraha waxaa si guul leh fulinta howlgalka ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqada ah in tirada ay yihiin weyn. Seynisyahanno ku qiyaasay in dadka dunida ku dhawaad 100 bilyan oo shimbiraha. Sababo la xaqiiqada ah in ay cunaan cayayaanka iyo daaqsinka, waxay si toos ah u siiyaan adeegga duur-joogta, ma jidaynayey xayawaan yar dhulka qarqiyaan. Tusaale ahaan, iyaga oo aan, caalamka oo dhan uu noqon doono aan la mari karin, waayo, daruuraha weyn ee cayayaanka. Sidoo kale, qiimaha shimbiraha ee dabiiciga ah iyo nolosha aadanaha waxa lagu sheegay in xaqiiqda ah in ay cunaan jiirka yar yar, xakameeyo tirada ay. Tan la'aanteed, oo dhan beerta midhaha badanna duud si joogto ah u sakhiray in ay weerar ku ah cayayaanka.

Sidoo kale, shimbiraha badan oo u adeega cuntada ee xayawaanka kale sida, oon ku dayactirka ecosystem a silsilad adag.

abuur firdhinta

shimbiraha badan oo xilliga qaboobaha iyo xilliga dayrta feed on midhaha of ash buur, cherry shimbir, elderberry, iwm Sida ay la xaarka, abuurka, kuwaas oo u waraabiyey by roobka iyo Gagaab safraan meel meel, wada. Intaa waxaa dheer, Shimbiraha qaadaan degayo, oo iyaga oo aan ku sii waari lahaa Geedka hoostiisa, sababta oo ah saxariirinta. Tusaale ahaan, Jay qabteen midhaha geed alloon iyo iyaga qaado, meel fog, laakiin waxa ay inta badan lumiyaan duulimaadka - si biqlo geedaha.

Laakiin muhiimada ay shimbirraha ee dabiiciga ah iyo aadanaha, noloshiisu kama timaado waxaa soo afjaro. Waxaa jira shimbiraha in ay ku quudiyaan on nectar ee ubaxa. Tusaale ahaan, tani hummingbirds iyo sunbirds, ayay kor u duuli in dhirta oo rimiyaan sida cayayaanka aad u badan.

baadad Bird iyo xaarka

Waxaa xusid mudan qaar ka mid ah muuqaalada dheeraad ah ee Shimbiraha oo keeni lacagta nin. badan oo kala cayn qashin bacrimin dhab ah qiimo leh, oo baadad waa ningax fiican wax. Tusaale ahaan, a baadad eider duck badda caanka conductivity kaamerada hooseeyo, debecsanaanta u fiican iyo barti in ku haboon yahay soo saaridda of barkimooyin iyo dhar diiran.

digada digaaga jira waxyaabo badan oo fosfooraska, iyo nitrogen cusbada waxaa loo arkaa darka wanaagsan bacriminta ciidda. In kuwa meelaha buul Shimbiraha, mararka qaarkood waxaad ka heli kartaa lakabka qaro ee guano (xaarka) kaasi oo loo adeegsaday sida bacrimin ah.

Jiitaan shimbiraha beeraha

Waxaan helay gaar ahaan shimbiraha iyo muhiimadda ay leedahay in silsilad hannaanka - Way baabbi'i cayayaan weyn ee dhirta kaymo. Haad baana ayaa sidoo kale muhiim ah, waxay ballaaran u qaadi jiirka yar in lagu qaado cudurada la isqaadsiiyo sida jooniska iyo belaayo. Sidaas darteed haddii qof shimbiraha waxaa laga helaa beerta, iyagu ma ay eryan karaa ama cabsi. Sidoo kale, ha ku soo ugaarsadaan isboortiga. On lid ku ah, kuwaas oo ka shaqeeya daalin waxaa muhiim ah inuu ku lug yeesho in xadiiqadaha iyo meelaha kale. Waxa ugu weyn ee - ha dhibin shimbiraha waa la nool yihiin waqtiga taranta iyo in aadan qaadan. Waxaad samayn kartaa beerto cusub, si ay shimbirraha ahaayeen meelaha ay qarin karaan. Iyo jiilaalka, waxaad ka caawin kartaa, dhajinta mara leh miraha iyo kibis.

ka lumay ee Shimbiraha

Maanta, noocyada badan waxay noqdeen kuwo dhif ah ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqada ah in dadka cidhiidhinaya iyaga la horumarkooda iyo naxariis. Taas darteed, Kitaabka Cas ee Shimbiraha, aamusa oo leh magacyo cusub. Maanta, waxaan aasaasay kaydka meesha noocyada dhif dareemi kartaa xoogaa cabsi way ka ammaan dhaqdhaqaaqa aadanaha.

Ruush Red Data Book of Shimbiraha

Book Red kuwa shimbiraha in si joogto ah ama ku meel gaar ah ku nool yihiin ku nool dhulka reer Russia ayaa la diiwaan geliyey. Waxay u baahan yihiin ilaalin gaar ah iyo faragelin aadanaha ee noloshooda. Oo iyana waxay xaq u leedahay in ay, haddii kale waxa ay noqon doontaa in dadka badan waxaa loo tixgelin doonaa bakhtiyeen ugu dhakhsaha badan. Dhammaan noocyada kuwaas oo u kala qaybsan yihiin lix qaybood.

1. "0" - ineey bakhtiyeen.
2. "1" - ka yar hanjabaad eynu. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah: ibis crested, iyo haadbiyoodda iyo Yellow-dalaco, cantalyaaga cad, stamp weyn, Bunting Jankowski, goose buurta, Buluug marbled, duck cad-madax, shelduck crested, goose guumaysgeesaleyda, Jack, cad-naped iyo wiish Japanese, wiish cad, Oriental White Stork, pogonysch White-baalal leh.
3. "2" - tirada hoos u. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah: nuthatch guumeyso, spoonbill, Pygmy xeebajoogta, Dalmatian cantalyaaga, Mongoliyaan Lark, Black-throated mid dhunbasho badanba Yurub, Emperor Goose, Baikal Buluug, Duck Ferruginous, piskulka, woodpecker celceliska Yurub, dacawo Great Bustard East Siberian.
4. "3" - shimbiraha dhif. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah: egret, ibis, xuurta madow, Intermediate Egret, Crested xeebajoogta, flycatcher Jannada, Reed Parrotbill, shrike cirro caadiga ah, wewelsiiya huruud ah-dalaco, guumaysgeesaleyda Dhuldhoobo, Brant American, madow goose Atlantic, goose cas-naasaha, Baer ayaa Pochard, merganser, bustard, wiish madow, crake cas lug, mullet.
5. "4" - xaaladda aan la qeexay. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah: Japan oo warbler biyaha, ninba Azure Yurub, Aleutian Canada goose, watercock woodpecker ryzhebryuhy.
6. "5" - si firfircoon loo soo celiyay. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid guumaysgeesaleyda Bewick ee, iyo Belladonna.