Waa maxay khayaali? Fiction: Qeexid

Waa maxay khayaali? Jawaabta su'aashan. sheeko, sheekooyin, ama Fantastic - a hiddaha sifayn, oo waa gabay ama tiraab sheeko, mugga yar, inta badan content maadda ah, taas oo ku xiran image dhab ula kac ah ku margado.

Determination of khayaali

VY Propp, philologist iyo folklorist, ugu jawaabay su'aasha ku saabsan waxa khayaaliga ah - taasi waa mid ka mid ah noocyo ka mid ah nooca fantastic ah, halkaas oo gudaha xaqiiqada vyvorochena. Akhri korkooda warkii dhacdooyinka nolosha a gebi ahaanba aan macquul ahayn, sida in, sida nin ee garbaha ku dhacaa qoyan, duck oo madaxiisay saareen, dhismaha buul iyo ukunta jiifay, ka dibna in Yeeyi Cunto yimaado si ay u cunaan.

khayaali Ruush

Wixii qarniyo, in Russia waxaa jiray dugsiga hiddaha ah ee carruurta ka 4 ilaa 12 sano, taas oo mid kasta oo u muuqato xamaasad weyn iyo ugaadhsiga, waxaa loo bixiyey sheekooyin.

sifayn Tani aasaasay fanaaniinta majaajilada, storytellers, nasiib u songs funny iyo erayadii ciyaaray tuulooyinka iyo magaalooyinka ku hooters iyo waxwings.

Daraasad lagu sameeyay hiddaha qaranka, oofiyey Andreem Sinyavskim, ayaa loo qoondeeyey sheeko cajiib ah oo sheekooyin, taas oo uu ku baaqay in sheekooyinka ku saabsan dhacdooyinka, kaas oo aan weligood ahaanin iyo ma noqon karaan. Taasi waxa ay khayaali (qeexidda Andreya Sinyavskogo). In uu yahay, waxa weedho iyo xaaladaha bayaan alogical, kuwaas oo loogu talagalay in aad ka dhigi saamayn majaajilayste. Tusaale ahaan, uu soo xiganayo goosin ka "Warkii Northern", qoraal NE Onchukovym. Waxa uu ka hadlayaa sida hal qof saaray faaska uu cagaha u dhashay on, ee guntan xamili faas, oo duubka intiisa jaray qoryo. Xaaskiisa ahaa beauty a - sida a fiiriyaana daaqadda, si eeyaha waxaa qayliyo muddo saddex maalmood ah. Taasi waxa ay khayaali. Qeexidda ku sifayn this la siiyey bilowgii this article.

Farqiyada u dhexeeya warkii daal iyo sheekooyin

Wuxuu Hagidda Andrei Sinyavsky iyo in khayaali, si loo gaaro waxtarka maadda ah, waxay leeyihiin erayada wada, qiimaha waxaa ku bedesheen. Sida warkii daal, sheeko cajiib ah - parody ah sheeko cirfiid laftiisa. Farqiga u dhaxeeya been in xaqiiqda ah in xisbiyada kala duwan yihiin parodied. Waxay keentaa Qisada meaninglessness daal ku mabda'a ah oo dherer ah iyo isku xirnaanta. foomka madhan waxaa ka mid ah oo keliya weli, namana daaliyaan, fidiyey si silsilad xad erayada. The content sheeko cajiib ah u keenay sheekada cirfiid aan macquul ahayn laftiisa ay u janjeera in ay ka sarraysa iyo mucjisada ah. Taasi waxa ay khayaali.

Fiction in America

hiddaha American sida qayb muhiim ah oo ku sifayn ah khayaali, taariikhdee back to tartanka by isufaan ee West Wild ah. "Toastmasters International" waxaa la qabtaa labadii sanaba mar, tartanka of codkarnimada, taas oo qayb hal ka mid noqon kara noocyo kala duwan oo sheeko sheegida fantastic. Ka-qaybqaataha ay dhacdo in this, siin taariikhda 3-5 daqiiqo, ka dibna waxaa la xukumo by xeerbeegtida.

The geesiyaal ugu caansan ee sheekooyinka in America ka mid ah jilayaasha soo socda, qaar ka mid ah kaas oo sidoo kale waa mid taariikhi ah: jarto ku Rafaa Paul Bunyan, kuwaas oo ku qabsaday faas gacmihiisa maalintii labaad uu ku dhashay ka dib, Pete Cordes, walaalkiisa ka yar; Toni Biver; Pecos Bill, Daniel bolle iyo kuwa kale.

Fiction dalalka kale

Sida caadiga ah, sheekooyin tallaabada (hiddo Australia) meel baadiyaha, tusaale ahaan, Spivey, beer weyn halyeeyga. Waxay waa ay watteen ee Big Bill dheeraa si fiican loogu talagalay macdanta dhuxusha, ee deggan beer weyn ugu doqon, iyo sidoo kale Strigal caanka ah kuwa Waalan xoog badan, la odhan jiray qaloocda Mick. qof Tani waxay sidoo kale u muuqataa in shuqulka "waswaasiya Dabaysha" Alana Marshalla.

geesiga Popular of sheekooyin kala duwan ee Kanada waa Mafero Joe, dabeecad halyeeyga, jarto ku Rafaa.

Fiction dhaqanka casriga ah

hab caanka ah ee sheeko qarnigii 20aad ahaayeen images in lagu sameeyey on karkan. abuuray waxaa caadi ahaan marka la isku daro sawir iyo sawir, iyadoo la isticmaalayo wax isbedel ah oo aragti iyo rakibidda, waayo, sanamkiisii la qaadaan kalluunka Rafaa, ugaarsiga xayawaanka weyn ama fuushan iyaga on, size ee aan caadi ahayn ee dalagga soo kordhaya. Sidoo kale rumeeya Waxaa (waxa khayaaliga ah, akhri bilowga maqaalka) ayaa xaqiiqooyinka kala duwan oo ku saabsan Chuck Norris - sheekooyin kaftan ah isaga ku saabsan.

Isticmaalka warkii in khayaali

Waxay caan inta badan u hiddaha, laakiin sidoo kale waxaa jira sheekooyin suugaaneed, inta badan ku salaysan maadooyinka kala duwan ee hiddaha. Tusaale ahaan waxaa ka mid ah kuwan soo socda: The Tacaburka ee Baron Munchausen in soo jeedinta qoraaga Erich Raspe, Gargantua iyo Pantagruel of Rabelais 'novel ee isku magaca, Sheeko Pomeranian Stepan Pisahova iyo Boris Shergina ah. Waxa kale oo ka mid ah gabayga "Wareer" Korney Chukovsky ah, oo ka kooban gebi of turncoats.

Chukovskij muujinaysaa carruurta in dhaqanka xoolaha si sax ah. At qalbiga sheeko this waa halganka ka dhanka xun, badda waa la dhigay on chanterelles dab, kuwaas oo qaatay ciyaarta. Decoupling si lama filaan ah, qofna ma uu karin inuu ka soo saaray, oo kaliya balanbaalis yar oo aysan awoodin in ay u samayn.

Chukovsky halganka sheekada ee 20 jirka ah lahaa in macalimiinta oo sheegtay in iyana waxay ahayd element ah dhaqanka ganacsade huriye ka qaban, waxay xataa la daabacay shaqada cilmi - ". Waxaan ka soo horjeednaa sheeko cirfiid ah" ururinta ah ee articles hoos horyaalka weerar badan ee cinwaanka shifter la sameeyey. Waxaa Chukovskij soo noolaaday ku sifayn this. Maanta, nasiib wanaag, aragti ah ee Qisada waa arrin kale.

Samuil Marshak (sannadaha cimrigaaguna - 1887-1964) ka kooban gabay caanka ah oo ku saabsan aadanaha ku kala firidhsan ka pool wadada. Iyana way abuurmeen dagaalka ka hor, markii qoraaga ku noolaa Leningrad, aan ka fogayn jira xaqiiqada Baseina Street (maanta waxa la yidhaahdaa waa jidka Nekrasov).

hawlaha warkii

In carruurta, jimicsiga ugu horeysay macquul ah waa maado ee kala qeybinta shaqooyinka, isaga bixinta oo leh calaamado uncharacteristic. Carruurta lala iman HRE iyo naftooda sheekooyinka. Korney Chukovsky qoray in isticmaalka warkii iyo aayaadkiisa sida waa cad yahay: weecasho wax ka caadi ah xoojisaa ilmaha waxa ku jira, waxa ay qiimeeyaan oo dhan orientation kor ku xusan ee shirkadda ee dunida this. Child awoodaha maskaxda uu sida baaritaanka iyo u diida, taasoo u kiciyo kalsoonida sirdoonka, isku kalsooni, si lagama maarmaan ah in carruurta, si aanay u lumaan adduunka our qasan.

Fiction ee dadka waaweyn waa shaqu heleen afka ah, micne lahayn, iyo ilmaha - sheekooyin funny ah oo ku saabsan waxa run ahaantii ma noqon karo. Ogsoonow in Maqal time dadka ka jiro this nooca hiddo, iyo in xaqiiqda hiddaha xajisto oo kaliya ugu fiican, dabaqii labaad soo baxay aan waxtar lahayn. Child, si tartiib ah daaha hannaankii adduunyo, samaynta fikrado cusub, si tartiib tartiib ah uu bilaabo inuu u ciyaaro kala duwan oo ka mid ah fikradaha, sababtoo ah kaliya by ciyaaro ninka yar u fahmi kara qaab-dhismeedka caalamka.

Children, lakala rogay ifafaale kala duwan, gelinaya macnaha cusub si la yaqaan, bartaan sida loo isticmaalo oo ka wanaagsan u maareeyaan fikradaha kala duwan oo ay u sameeyaan, malaha, xorriyadda xagga fikradda, si ay bilaabaan inay dareemaan oo fahmaan kaftan ah.

Waxaan ka fikiray in sheekooyin noocan oo kale ah. Qeexid, noocyada, hawlo ka ayaa sidoo kale lagu bartay noo by. Sida aad arki karto, ku sifayn tani waa arrin xiiso leh iyo faa'iido leh. heeso-carruureed iyo sheekooyin - waa ma ahan oo keliya madadaalinta sheekooyinka, waxay yihiin kuwo aad u gaar ah, gool halis ah, caawiyo si ay u qaabeeyaan shakhsiyadda ilmaha.