TPP - waa in? Yukreeniyaan TPPs

tamarta Ukraine ka kooban yahay shirkado dhalin awood of dhammaan noocyada suurtogal ah - Quwadda kaamerada, saldhigyada korontada, dhirta nukliyeerka. xasiloonida ee nooca ugu horeysay si adag u saameeyay xaaladaha dhaqaale ee hadda, sii daraysa taas oo ay sabab u tahay sahayda hoos dhuxusha la Donbass.

Determination of TPP

Sayidka, TES - warshad koronto ah, kaas oo unugyada awooda waxaa marka hore diinta tamarta combusted shidaalka shidaalka kiimikada (dhuxusha, gaaska, saliida) tamar kaamerada of uumi, ka dibna tamarta si farsamaysan rotor kexeeyey marawaxadaha iyo matoorrada synchronous, iyo ugu dambeyntii galay tamarta korontada siiyey iyada oo loo marayo ka windings ee stator si Roobka xoogga.

TPP noqon kartaa biilasha xoog weyn oo leh awood ah oo dhowr kun oo MW, iyo waxyaalaha yar laga bilaabo dhowr boqol kw dhowr MW.

Sababtoo ah shaqadooda mar walba la socda sari ee shidaalka hydrocarbon ah hawada in jawiga ee mugga weyn ee gaaska qiiqa, TES - waa arrin wasakhda daran ee deegaanka. Sidaa darteed, shaqo ee shirkadaha, kuwaas oo had iyo jeer waa cadaadis sida adeega dadwaynaha ee ay gacanta deegaanka iyo dadweynaha.

kala soocidda TPP

Waxaa la sameeyaa iyadoo ay ku saleysan design ee unugyada awoodda ay. Dhowr nooc oo kala duwan.

Quwadda kaamerada 1. kuleeliyaha-marawaxadaha - ES waa tallaabo qasab ah in wax soo saarka ee uumi. Iyadoo qayb ka ah unugyada awooda ay yihiin kululeeyaha uumi iyo marawaxadaha uumi. ka mid ah:

• Uumiga ES (mada). In muddo ah Soviet lagu magacaabay gobolka awood degmada (TPP). Waxay soo saaraan korontada oo kaliya.

• kulaylka daro iyo awood (CHP). Shirkadahani waxay leeyihiin, in la barbardhigo mada ah, marka laga reebo soo-saarka korontada, iyo aad u badan shaqo ka mid ah wax soo saarka ee uumi iyo biyo kulul kulaylinta.

2. ES marawaxadaha Gas. Kuwani Energoagregat ma kululeeyaha uumi, marawaxadaha gaaska iyo xoogga drive ku qoqobada gaasaska kulul qiiqa soo saaray shidaalka (gaaska dabiiciga ah, shidaalka naaftada) gubanaya.

3. Isugeynta-wareegga warshad kaamerada - waa analoogga ah ee CHP taas oo uumi la soo saaray ay sabab u tahay kulaylka haraaga ah oo ka mid ah gaasaska qiiqa ka soo saaray marawaxadaha gaaska.

4. Diesel Electric.

5. Forces ES.

Calaamadaha Guud ee Energy ee Ukraine

Dalku waxa uu leeyahay afar dhirta nukliyeerka, Cascade shan saldhig xireenada awood on Dnieper ah, Dniester PSP, tiro ka mid ah saldhigyada korontada ee webiyada Transcarpathian, iyo sidoo kale ku saabsan konton TPP iyo CHPP xilal kala duwan - 20 MW (Lviv TPP-1) ilaa 3600 MW, taas oo ah warshad koronto kaamerada ugu weyn - Zaporizhia. Waxay leedahay awood isku mid ah iyo Uglegorsk TPS, laakiin waxa ay ku dhow yahay inuu line iska hor imaad in Donbass ah, oo ka shaqeeya waqti-dhiman.

In Ukraine Nidaamka Midaysan Energy (UES), kaas oo ka mid ah afar iyo toban TPP, afar dhirta nukliyeerka, toddoba dhirta hydropower, saddex kaydinta gareeyeen, iyo sidoo kale sagaashan iyo toddoba CHP, saldhigyada korontada yar, beeraha dabaysha, iwm SES. Awoodda ku rakibnay Electric Eco Ukraine waa 53.780.000 kWh . In 2012 ay soo saartay 198 119 000 000 kw ∙ h oo koronto ah.

In dhirta this tamarta nukliyarka la siiyaa awood u deggan iyadoo aan loo eegin wakhtiga network ee maalinta, iyo TPP Ukraine, oo ay la socdaan ay HPP leh awoodda variable, danbow qaafiyad dahaarka ka shaqeeya.

Shirkada ugu weyn ee dhalin awood

soo-saarka korontada dhexe ee UPS of Ukraine qaadeen ES ka tirsan toddobada shirkadaha dhalin awood. Kuwaas oo kala ah, afar shirkadood oo leh wadar ahaan awood ku rakiban of 18.2 million kw - "Kyivenergo", "Dniproenergo", "Zapadenergo" "Vostokenergo" - oo qayb ka ah Shirkadda Shiidaalka iyo Tamarta Donetsk (DTEK), taas oo, iyada oo ay shirkaddu ku haya "System Capital Management" gacanta ku Abramovich ku Rinat Akhmetov. Shirkadda Small "Donbassenergo" oo leh awood ah ku rakiban ee 2,855 million kw gacanta ku shirkadda "Energoinvest Holding" ka Donetsk. Ugu dambayntii, labada shirkadood haray ku jira gacanta dawladda. Tani "Centerenergo" awoodda lagu rakibay ee 7,575 million kilowatts iyo nak "Enerhoatom 'leh awoodda lagu rakibay ee 14, 140 million kilowatts.

Dhibaatooyinka in TPPs Ukraine

Dhibaatada ugu weynna waa hoos u dhac weyn oo sahayda ee dhuxusha ka Donbass, iyo sidoo kale dhaqaale la'aan ay gadashada. deficit dhuxusha waa dhibaato guud ee dhammaan gobollada iyo shirkadaha dhalin awood.

Waxaa bilaabay June iyo bakhaarada CHP weli waa bar madhan. March iyo April ee Quwadda kaamerada dhuxusha Ukraine ku kordheen tan iyo 750 in 850 kun. Tan. Oo badbaadin karo bilowga xilli kulaylku, ugu yaraan 3 million tons, iyo xataa si fiican - in 4 milyan oo tan oo dhuxul.

Haddii bakhaarada waxaa ka buuxsantay isku mid gaabis ah, ka dibna qaboobaha uruursado doono wax ka badan 1.3-1.5 milyan oo tan oo dhuxul. Marka kaydka isku mid liita ee xilliga qaboobaha ee la soo dhaafay ay ahayd in aan soo bandhigo dhaqanka ee diidanaa la'aan ah, iyo dalalka Eco aysan burburay oo kaliya sababtoo ah dhuxusha Ruush iyo korontada.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xilliga qaboobaha ee la soo dhaafay ahayd arrin diiran. Haddii qabow waxay noqon doontaa ka sii daran, oo dhuxusha ku sii jiri doontaa sida dhibaatooyinka yar bilaabaan ka badan sidii hore iyo si ka sii weyn saameynta on muwaadiniinta iyo ganacsiyada (taas oo weli sii wadaan si uu u qabto).

In xagaagii TPP waxaan u leeyihiin in ay ka shaqeeyaan awoodda hoos u dhaca si Eco ay gaadho 3 million kw. Sida ay waayo-aragnimo ee sannadkii hore, hore jiilaalka waxa la soo kordhin karaa 6 milyan oo kw, ka dibna ka yar shardi ah in mayna hirarkii dhaxan adag.

horumar ah ee dhawaan ka dhacay waaxda tamarta ee Ukraine

Dhamaadkii May, waxaa jiray laba dhacdooyinka-profile sare ee la xidhiidha stop TPP. Sidaas darteed, shirkadda "Donbassenergo" Slavyanskaya TPS joojiyay, iyo shirkadda gobolka "Centrenergo" - shaqeeyaan Zmiev TPP ee gobolka Kharkiv ee.

shirkadda Xaaladdan oo kale, joojin TPP Slavic ee qofkii lahaa ku eedeeyay gobolka Yukreeniyaan, ayaa diiday in ay bixiso korontada bixisey. Dhibaatada uu leeyahay rar siyaasadeed cad, tan iyo mid ka mid ah warshad koronto kaamerada shirkadda ee "Donbassenergo" - Starobeshevskaya - oo ku yaalla DNI ah. deynta guud ee shirkadda gobolka "Energy", taasoo keentay degsiimooyinka leh oo dhan shirkadaha energogeneneriruyuschimi iyo sahayda tamarta, "ayuu Donbassenergo" ayaa maanta ka hor inta gaaro qiyaastii $ 72 milyan oo at heerka sarrifka hadda.

Zmiev TPP hakiyey shaqada oo kaliya sababtoo ah la'aanta ah ee dhuxusha, taas oo ku filan oo keliya hal unug. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa dhaqaale ahaan khasaari. Sidaa darteed, idaacadda ayaa rajeynaya inuu badbaadiyo dhuxusha laba-saddex cutub.