Tirada dadka ee Switzerland iyo qaab-dhismeedka dalka

Switzerland waa dal gaar ah oo leh taariikh dheer iyo dhaqanka. Kuwa abid halkaas, dabcan, wax badan oo dareenkaa u helay ka dabeecadda yaab leh oo saafi ah, muuqaal buur gaar ah ku wareegsan oo nadaafad iyo heerka nolosha dadka. Dabcan, dad badan oo xiiso waa in Switzerland, sababtoo ah gudahood dal yar oo hoy u tahay afar kooxood oo dad ah kuwaas oo taariikh ahaan u leeyihiin, isgaadhsiin on luqad duwan.

Taariikhda dhismaha dawlad-goboleedka iyo bixitaanka ah oo dalal

waxbarashada Date ee Switzerland waxaa loo arkaa inay maalinta ay xorriyadda, taas oo lagu dhawaaqay dhamaadkii qarnigii 13aad iyo waxaa loo dabaaldegaa sannad kasta 1da August noqon. Asal ahaan dalka ahaa midow ah, ilaa qarnigii 17aad. Taariikh ahaan, tani waxay xaq ku xaqiiqada ah in horumarka dalka ka qaybgalay wakiillo ka mid ah afarta quruumaha, hadlayay luqado kala duwan ee laba kooxood oo afka kala duwan: Germanic iyo Romance.

Ilaa maantadan la joogo, mid ka mid ah magaca rasmiga ah ee dalka waa Confederation Swiss ah. Later, la abuuritaanka iyo xoojinta qarannimada, qaab ka mid ah qalabka ay isbedeshay in Federation in socday ilaa qarnigii 19aad. Later, federal ah qaab-dhismeedka dawladda waxaa loo beddelaa dastuurka fedaraalka. Ilaa iyo hadda, markii dadka deegaanka ka qabashada maqli dhif ah iyaga ka in ay yihiin Swiss. Inta badan odhan doonaan in ay lugantsy, tsyurihtsy, berntsy, Genevans, maxaa yeelay, magaalooyin badan oo gobolada dalka, dalal badan oo kala duwan oo ay matalaan.

Waa maxay dadweynaha ee Switzerland

Taariikh ahaan, in Switzerland wada nool yihiin afar qof weyn ee isticmaala luqadaha ay hadlo. Waxay kala yihiin:

- frankoshveytsartsy inta badan ku hadlaan Faransiis,

- germanoshveytsartsy, in Jarmal la afkiisa ku hadlaya, wakiil qaybta ugu weyn ee dadka Swiss;

- italoshveytsartsy, hadalkii Talyaani;

- retroromantsy, haddii kale loo yaqaan Romanche ama Ladino, retroromansky luqadda isticmaalay.

luqadda ugu badan waa Jarmal, sida dadka reer Switzerland, 65% waxaa wakiil Jarmal hooyo group luqadda.

Halkan waxaa ku qoran qaar ka mid ah tirakoobka. In 2014, tirada dadka reer Switzerland ahaa 8.137.600 dadka deggan, oo ka mid ah waxaa jira labada Swiss iyo ajnabi ah kuwaas oo helay ee muddooyinkii dhowaa leeyihiin jinsiyad dal ama joogitaanka. Wixii la barbardhigo: bartamihii 60eeyaha ee qarnigii la soo dhaafay, gobolka lahaa dadka ka mid ah oo kaliya in ka badan 5 milyan oo qof. Heerka dabiiciga taranka ee dadka waa qiyaastii 1.1, taas oo ah heerka celceliska ee Europe. dadka Switzerland ayaa waxaa sii kordhaya inta badan ay sabab u tahay qulqulka soo galootiga.

"Restigraben" - xuduud aan la arki karin

Ilaa xad dhawaan, warbaahinta u muuqday Rostigraberi qeexidda - yeero line (xadka shuruud), oo xagga woqooyi ka mid ah Switzerland xagga koonfureed oo dalka fidiyaa. Aragtidani waxa uu ahaa mid keeneysa la dadweynaha ugu kala qaybsameen Switzerland:

- galbeed (Faransiis ku hadla);

- East (German-ka hadlayay).

Magaca "restigraben" waxaa loola jeedaa "god ka mamnuuceen la baradho la shiilay." Resti - mid ka mid ah cunnada maxalliga ah, taas oo ah kuwa ugu caansan ee Bern. Waa sidaas jecel yahay by Jarmalka iyo shiilan Faransiis. Oo saxan this waxaa si toos ah oo la xidhiidha germanoshveytsartsami in indhaha inta kale ee dadka deegaanka in ay eegaan qulubsan iyo qabiirada, laakiin wax ku ool ah si kasta. Waxaa ku saabsan dadka, kuwaas oo dadka Swiss bari ayaa sheegay in ay ku kalsoonaan kartaa in arrimaha halis ah wakhti kasta.

xadka An aan la arki karin, oo maraya dalka, siiyey magaca ah kooxaha qowmiyadaha ku nool bari iyo galbeed. Tusaale ahaan, frankoshveytsartsy wac deriskooda "zasarintsami", taas oo ah, dadka ku nool on dhinaca kale ee webiga Sarin. Taa baddalkeeda, dadka reer bari ee Switzerland - Germany - in webiga leedahay in ay jidka u gaar ah - Saanen.

dad badan oo dalka ka yar

In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in dalka reer Switzerland xad waa yar yahay, aad u hesho oo ay la socdaan afar Jinsiyadaha kuwaas oo ay ku qoran luqado kala duwan. Oo mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah ayaa weli ay lahjad u gaar ah oo kala duwan.

Iyadoo ay taasi jirto, dadka waa mid aad u dhow-xidhantay, iyo feature ugu muhiimsan ee lagu garan Swiss - waa ay shaqo adag. Nature ma dadka deegaanka ee gobolka this ma siin tiro badan oo khayraadka in aan ka fadilnaa barxadaha furan weyn iyo beeraha. Sidaa darteed, dadka reer Switzerland leedahay gaar ah u gaar ah, xoog leh, madax adag oo talo soo jeedin.

Erayga "cheese", "saacad", "shukulaatada" waxay ku xiran yihiin dalka this. Laakiin ma aha oo kaliya dalka this caan ah. On dhulkeeda waxaa u dhashay, shaqeeyeen dadka u fiican sida:

- Albert Einstein.

- Carl Jung.

- Zhan Zhak Russo.

- Zhan Kalvin, iyo dad badan oo kale oo si fiican u yaqaan kuwaas oo kaalin weyn horumarka sayniska, farshaxanka, iyo caaddil inuu formation of bulshada aadanaha.