Sida loo sameeyo camera a pinhole oo gacmihiisa, laba nolosha faahfaahsan jabsiga

camera Pinhole, camera pinhole - yaqaan dhowr boqol oo sano ka noocooda aadanaha ee camera ah. In this article, waxaan jira ma aha oo kaliya aragti dhaw at taariikhdeeda iyo mabda'a ah ficil, laakiin sidoo kale eegto sida loo sameeyo camera a pinhole gacmahooda ka mid ah qalabka duugoobay siyaabo dhowr ah.

Waa maxay obscura camera a

obscura The camera (camera Laatiin -. "Room", obscura - "way madoobaatay, oo mugdi ah") - qalab sahlan indhaha, camera noocooda ah. Waxaa laga yaabaa in sanduuq ama xabadka, mid ka mid derbi ah oo waa la gooyay dalool yar glazok-, iyo halkii screen kale tensioned ee wax translucent, iyo qolka mugdi ah la il yar isku mid ah iyo shaashadda.

waa magac kale oo qalab this - Camera Pinhole (camera pinhole Ingiriisi -. "Chamber isagoo god").

Mabda'a hawlgala ee obscura camera ah

Ka hor inta aadan ka dhigi camera a pinhole oo gacmihiisa, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah si ay u fahmaan sida ay u shaqayso. Her shaqo ku salaysan yahay dugsiga si fiican u yaqaan sharciga of faafinta rectilinear ee rays iftiinka. Iyada oo godka-indhaha camera maraa hannaanka ah looxyo waaweyn iftiin cidhiidhi ah. Mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah ka dhigeysa in isla goobta iftiinka ka soo horjeeda screen derbiga isku mid albabka size. Baraha noocan oo kale ah ka alwaaxdii saqafka haysay badan kasta oo kale daboolaa on dusha sare ee shaashadda camera pinhole, sidaas abuuro waxa on an wax laga fekerayo-nuqul indhaha ama tii digsiga ku yaalla hore ee noocan oo kale ah hay'adaha.

Isha aadanaha iyo camera pinhole

camera Pinhole, iyadoo jidka ag fadhida, sida mabda'a of its tallaabo isha aadanaha - image ee ay screen sidoo kale helo iyada oo daloolka yar, oo ka yeellay korkoodii. Tani waxay dhacdaa oo ka xaqiiqda ah in nuurka helo indhaha, iyo mishiinka xagal - rays muuqataa sare ee alaabta tilmaamaya hoos iyo rays ah oo muujineysa waxyaabaha u dhow dhulka ku, intii ka sii weynayd si toos ah ka. ay ka gudbaan gudaha qolkii, si image shaashadda camera rogay jirsado. In image jirka our booska saxda ah laabtay maskaxda, iyo in camera ah - muraayad ah.

History of camera ah pinhole

Sida loo sameeyo camera a pinhole oo gacmihiisa, fikirka, iyo awowayaashayo - markii ugu horeysay this ifafaale waa ogaaday by Aristotle qarnigii IV. BC

The halyeeyga Leonardo da Vinci horeysay tilmaamay geynta iyo farsamo ee ay shaqada. Uu alifay loo isticmaalaa in qarniyadii dhexe, farshaxan - obscura camera waxaa iyagii caawiyey u ku sameeyo sawir-nuqulo ka mid ah waxyaabaha qaar.

Si aad u ogaatid sida loo sameeyo gacmaha iyaga u gaar ah obscura camera ee version ah oo dheeraad ah "heer sare", saynisyahano dambe u maleeyay. Sanadkii 1568kii, mabda'a camera ah pinhole ayaa soo hagaagtay - hindisa uguurtay De Barbaro bedelay screen gashto plano-convex. abuurnimo Tani waxay si weyn u soo hagaagtay Hufnaan iyo robab sanamkii. qalab magaceeda waxaa la odhan pinhole camera-camera. Waxa uu noqday dhagaxa tallaabsashada si camera casriga ah.

Sida loo sameeyo camera a pinhole baxay sanduuqa gacmahooda

Wixii soo saaridda ee ay camera pinhole u gaar ah ayaa loo baahan doonaa:

• kartoon ka soo hoos shaaha ama casiir,
• warqad translucent khafiif ah - vellum kaamil ah ama soo Dejino,
• maqaska,
• xabagta,
• Iskooj.

Sidaas, sida loo sameeyo camera a pinhole baxay sanduuqa gacmahooda ka shaaha, casiirka iyo wixii la mid ah iwm..:

1. Iska yaree daaqad yar oo derbiyada sanduuqa.
2. By isticmaalaya xabag ama sharooto, ku dabool gabal furitaanka warqad ku haboon, waxay u jeestay mustaqbalka qolkii shaashad.
3. In dhexe ee derbiga ka soo hor jeedda dhigi dhexroor dalool oo ah in aan ka badnayn 1 mm a. Ka faa'iidayso irbad this, pin, pushpin.

Taasi edbinta oo dhan ay kuu sheegaysaa sida loo sameeyo camera a pinhole baxay sanduuqa gacmahooda. Isticmaal been abuurtay qol madoobaan - waxaa farta ugu isha iftiinka cirka ka dhalaalaya iyo sinnaanshaha - sida laambad meel guban. Its image rogay waa in ay ka muuqataa screen warqada.

Sida loo sameeyo camera a pinhole oo gacmihiisa: camera a

In nolosha this jabsiga aan ka wada hadalno abuurka camera pinhole ka sii adag, laakiin sidoo kale badan oo xiiso leh, kaas oo aad ka heli kartaa sawirada dhabta ah. Si aad u bilawdo, soo ururin doonaa qalabka lagama maarmaanka ah:

• weel Aluminum,
• xoogaa yar oo caag ah,
• dhiibsan;
• 2 "foosto" ee filimka,
• film 35 mm laftiisa;
• rinjiga madow, burush,
• mindi qalabka xafiisyada,
• sharootada korontada,
• irbad;
• maqaska,
• line,
• qalin.

Sida loo sameeyo camera a pinhole oo gacmihiisa, akhri on:

1. Iska yaree daaqad ee gudaha ee sanduuqa. Talinayo ay size - 36h24 mm. geesaha ay labada tegi karo istareexa ku bakhtiistay (waxaa saamayn aan caadi ahayn oo darbo mustaqbalka siin doonaa), oo wanaajiya for rinjiga ama qalabka xafiisyada mindi.
2. gudaha sanduuqa si buuxda rinjiga leh rinji madow. Isticmaal matte halkii midabo dhalaalaya.
3. Qaado xoogaa yar oo caag ah, ay dhamaadka afaysto. Hogaansamo "foosto" tape, sida sawirka, iyo film furitaanka af caarada, oo jillaab, hore geliyo weelka. Marka rewinding maqli doonaa qasabno - in la abuuro qaab dhismeedka cusub oo ku saabsan baahida loo qabo in ugu rogto iyada oo loo marayo filimka 8-9 qasabno.
4. Ku noqo ka baxsan diilinta ganaaxa - si adag dhexe, ka gooyay a mm 8x5 leydi.
5. Aluminium jari karaan square ah 15x15 mm. In dhexe, sameeyo dalool irbadda - ka yar waa, ka wanaagsan.
6. Haddaba rinjiga leh rinji madow iyo qaybta sare ee sanduuqa sanduuqa iyo aluminium.
7. U ogolow qayb ka aluminium in ay qayb ka mid ah barxadda dibadda ee cajalad sanduuqa albabka ah.
8. Samee shutter - jaray goosin ka mid ah kartoonada, waxa ay raacaan si dalool "gashto" ah, ilaawa in ay ka "qolladdii". Qaado xariijin baakado 10h30 mm, dheeha si buuxda madoobu meeshaas ku, gelin this shutter qalabka la macmalay tusaale.
9. Si aad dib u socon filimka gudaha "godad" dhigi xamili ah baakadaha iyo cajalad sida.
10. Sida loo sameeyo camera a pinhole baxay kartoon gacmahooda? Halkan, ugu dambeyntii, iyo barta final. Geli film dhexeeya qayb dibadda iyo gudaha ee shaashadda dalool-dhiibsan ah. Si aad u isticmaasho filimka ma hadasho, lagu lifaaqi karaa in dhinaca kale ee camera ah "foosto" labaad ee ay fuuli jiray. Si ammaan ah u dhuujin dhammaan qaybaha la cajalad.

Sidaas awgeed, waxaan kala dhantaashay laba siyaabood, kuu sheegayaa sida loo sameeyo camera a pinhole oo gacmihiisa. dambe u khayrroon toogtay isticmaalaya Maala iyo shutter furan ee dherer ah mar - cimilada qoraxdu 6 ilbiriqsi, in daruuro madow - 7-8 ilbiriqsi.