Shukhov Tower ee Moscow, cinwaanka, height, sawir

Ma aha qof kasta waa ogyahay in shay sida Shukhov Tower, dhab ahaantii loola jeedaa yaabka leh ee caasimadda dalka Ruushka oo casri ah.

Dhisme sare Tani waxaa laga arki karaa meelo kala duwan oo magaalada ah, oo ay ugu sareysa bixisaa views cajiib ah Moscow.

sharaxaad guud

Waa in la ogaadaa in Tower Shukhov ee Moscow ayaa dhowr magacyada. In cidhiidhsan, wareegyada inta badan xirfadeed waxa la yidhaahdaa waa Shukhov munaaraddii radio, munaaraddii television Shukhov ama Shabolovskaya munaaraddii television.

Guud ahaan, qaab-dhismeedka this hyperboloid cusub oo qalabaysan taageeraya qolof steel, dhisay on mashruuc gaar ah ee ay soo Academician V. G. Shuhovym. dhismaha wayn socday muddo laba sano ah, ka 1920 si ay u 1922 ee qarnigii la soo dhaafay.

Inta lagu guda jiro qaab dhismeedka hawlaha ay leedahay Wasaaradda Isgaarsiinta. Haddaba, tan iyo sanadkii 2001, Shukhov Tower waa at asturidda FSUE "RTRS" ah.

Si aad u taariikhda, waxa aan la isticmaalo ay ujeedada looga danleeyahay iyo waxa kale oo meelaynta ah war laliska gacanta.

Sidee loo helaa, si ay indhaha ee magaalada?

Shukhov munaarad, photos of kaas oo qaar badan oo ka muuqan in majaladaha iyo qoraalo ka go'an in ay meelaha xiiso caasimada Ruushka, waxa uu ku yaalaa ee Moscow, dariiqyada. Shabolovka.

Hel lumay ee dalxiisayaasha cajiib ah oo kaliya ma shaqeeyaan, sababtoo ah wax ka fudud yahay in la helo. Si tan loo sameeyo waxay u baahan doonaan si ay u helaan in ay "Shabolovskaya" metro oo soco qiyaastii 300 oo mitir.

Xaaladaha xad-dhaaf ah, waxaad codsan kartaa, halkaas oo waa Tower Shukhov ah, ka ag marayayna ama dadka deggan xaafadda, oo ay ku faraxsan yihiin in ay qaataan ay u socdeenna yihiin.

muuqaalada dhismaha

Laga soo bilaabo dhibic farsamo ee view of Tower Shukhov ka kooban yahay qaybaha kala gaar ah, kuwaasoo mid walba uu khubaro soo ururiyey dhulka ku, ka dibna u kacda u winches top. Ka dib markii in, at height ah qayb ka mid ah qaab dhismeedka ku xiran by a rivets gaar ahaan xoog leh oo gaar ah.

Sida laga soo xigtay sarajooggiisuna design asalka munaaraddii Shukhov loo moodayay in ay noqon arrin cajiib ah, oo ku saabsan 350 m. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, duruufaha ayaa lagu qasbay in ay redraw qorshaha uuraysatay. dalka soo maray yaraanta musiibo ah biraha, si 160 m - waa ugu badnaan laga heli karaa dhererka waqtiga.

Taariikhda kooban ee Tower Shukhov ah

In 1919, markii dagaalka uu ahaa halis dhaw in Midowga Soofiyeeti, si loo hubiyo xiriirka joogtada ah oo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo u dhexeeya Moscow iyo duleedka Jamhuuriyadda iyo waddamada reer galbeedka, V. I. Lenin saxiixday amar ku saabsan dhismaha si degdeg ah munaaraddii radio.

Waqtigaa, Shukhov mar hore ka shaqeeyeen dhowr mashruuc oo la mid ah. Waxaa la go'aamiyay in aasaas u ah la yaabteen farsamada mustaqbalka (waqtiga, dabcan) waa inay qaataan design this gaar ah.

Shukhov Tower on Shabolovka ahaa inuu dhaafo Eiffel caansan dunida ee ku. First of dhan, kaasu wuxuu ahaa saddex jeer xumbo design a Faransiis :. 2200 tons ka dhanka ah 7300 tons Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dhaqaale burbur looma ogola in ay ogaadaan takhasus riyo. In Midowga halka, sida horeba u sheegay, u baahnaydeen steel, si kastaba ha ahaatee, shirka, aan joojino on height munaaraddii ka mid ah 150 m ka.

Bishii Oktoobar 1919 Shukhov Tower ah, kuwaas oo cinwaanka waa arrin loo yaqaan Muscovites iyo marti caasimadda, ayaa helay aasaaskeeda.

Guud ahaan, waxaa la ogaadaa in mashruuca Shukhov ahaa fiican ee dal la dageen dagaalka sokeeye iyo kacaanka. design Tower la filayay soo baxay si faahfaahsan ugu yar, laakiin weli arrin aan qabyo ahayn. Halleeyo lillaahinimada iyo farsamaynta yihiin macno ahaan la dareemay si faahfaahsan kasta, iyo qaybo ka oo dhan uma baahna design gaar ah oo ay tahay, asal ahaan, rivets iyo profiles.

Iyadoo ay taasi jirto, Tower Shukhov ee Moscow (photo jeer kuwa laga arki karaa matxafyada ee magaalada) lama dhisay sidii si degdeg ah sida aan jeclaan lahaa. Shaqaalaha ayaa ka cawday in looxyada iyo looxaan had iyo dib u dhac badan oo soo socda, iyo bir, iyo ma u istaagaan soo baxay aad ka meermeerayo.

Author V. G. Shuhov ahaa shakhsi ku lug leh dhismaha, kexeeyey by hay'adaha, isku duba dhalmo of qalabka dhismaha, amar ku bixiyay in raashin iyo mararka qaar macno leh oo dagaalka ku doondooneen mushaaraadka waqtiga shaqaalaha.

Si ay u sii yareeyo qiimaha xarunta kiniisadda, naqshadeeyaha ugu soo baxay si ay u ururiyaan qaybta height of 25 m iyo miisaankeedu yahay ilaa 300 pounds on dhulka, ka dibna ku cable iyo xarig culeys lugu koriyo in ay kor u. Waxa uu ahaa shakhsi goob joog ka kaca kasta. Iyo si tartiib tartiib ah Tower Shukhov ee Moscow bilaabay inuu qaab qaadan.

Shukhov, inkastoo dhibaatooyinka dabiiciga ah shakhsi, isaga qudhiisa u huray in dhismaha. In xagaaga dambe 1919, dhimashada wiilkiisa, in March 1920 - hooyada. Bishii June ee 1921 ka dhacay lama filaan ah u soo socda: halka qaadaya qaybta afraad, saddexaad ka qarxay. Torn mid ka mid ah fiilooyinka, iyo qaybta afraad waxaa hoos u dhacay, dhaawac ugu horeysay laba dhismaha salka ku jiray munaaraddii. Dhibanayaasha, nasiib wanaag, u suurtagashay in ay ka baxsadaan, balse Shukhov maalintaas wixii ka dambeeyey waxay bilaabeen imtixaan ah, maxkamad iyo guddiyada. Sidaas darteed, ayuu waxaa lagu abaal-ka loo yaqaan "shot shuruud", taas oo noqon karta mid aad u dhabta ah haddii munaaraddii ayaa awoodi waayay inuu ku dhameysan kama danbaysta ah.

Shukhov Tower yaqaanaan noo, sawir kuwaas oo la oran karo waa ka badan sida buugta loogu talagalay kulliyadood naqshadda, iyo sidoo kale waraaqaha safarka ka go'an in ay Moscow, shaqada uu ku bilaabay 1923.

Dadka jiilka ka weyn qori doontaa in muddo dheer ay u adeegi jireen sida a "kaadhka wicitaanka" ee TV-ga oo dhan USSR. baahinta Trial la shayga markii ugu horaysay la qabtay 1937, iyo laba sano ka dib, ee 1939, waxaa dhab ahaan loo daayaa in si joogto ah.

design ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah looga badiyay ay muhiimada. door muhim ah in this ciyaaray furitaanka ee 1967 munaaraddii ka badan oo casri ah oo awood leh Ostankino.

Waa maxay maanta Tower ah

Weli Shukhov Tower on Shabolovka ayaa ciyaaray muhiimada weyn ee nolosha Russia. Sidee? Xaqiiqdu waxay tahay in dab uu ka ka dib markii munaaraddii TV Ostankino 2000 sano iyo bar ah waa wax this taageerada baahinta channels ugu weyn.

Si aad u taariikhda, ku injineero dunida aqoonsadeen uu masterpiece gaar ah oo aad u fiican ee injineernimada.

warkiisii World iyo muhiimadda ay leedahay ee xarunta istiraatiiji u yeedhay Shukhov munaarad, photos of taas oo la oran karo waa in si faahfaahsan weyn, waxa sii xaqiijiyay abaalmarinta ka bandhigyo kala duwan. daydo Her ku lug ku dhowaad dhammaan bandhigyo qiimaha Yurub ee sannadihii la soo dhaafay.

Tusaale ahaan, image munaaraddii raadiyaha loo adeegsaday sida logo ah in Paris ee Pompidou Xarunta, bandhiga "Engineering Art". Iyo sanadkii 2003 ee Munich, at dhacdo cinwaan looga dhigay "design Top iyo dhismaha naqshadaha ee qarnigii XX ah", noocooda ah munaarad sharraxnaan jirtay Shukhov 6m sare rakibay. Intaa waxaa dheer, buugaag badan oo ku saabsan taariikhda naqshadaha ee Europe, qaab-dhismeedka waxaa loo tilmaamay si faahfaahsan.

In 2006, shir cilmiyeed ku saabsan baaxadda "Ilaalinta naqshadaha ee qarnigii XX ah" a Planetary, oo waxaa ka soo qaybgalay 170 khubaro ka 30 dal, Shukhov Tower loo aqoonsaday by masterpiece naqshadda Ruush iyo a Heritage Site World.

Sida laga soo xigtay xogta ay bixiyaan goobta loogu talagalay ilaalinta walxaha "muwaadin firfircoon" Shukhov Tower waxaa hadda la ilaaliyo by gobolka, talinayaa in loogu daro World Heritage Site UNESCO, laakiin helaan in ay xiran yahay.

Work fuliyay qarnigii XXI ah

naqshada British N. Foster ee March 2010, warqad u qoray baahida ah in si buuxda dib munaaradda inuu Xaalkeedii Horce, xiganaya xaqiiqda ah in ay tahay burbur iyo baabbi'iyey.

Si aad u taariikhda, injineero ku diyaarin fursado dhowr ah soo kabashada ee shayga. bixiyaa mid ka mid ah oo ku wareegsan si ay u abuuraan (in image ee Tower Eiffel ah), goobta xilliga firaaqada ah. Waxaa loo malaynayo in la meel ganacsi, matxaf oo adag dhaqanka.

In 2011, Putin amar ku bixiyay in inta lagu jiro 2011-2013 loo qoondeeyo ka miisaaniyadda of 135 million Federation rubles. waayo, design iyo dib u dhiska ah ee shayga.

In June 2012, munaaraddii la baaro by helicopter ah saarnayn. Iyada oo u abuuray model saddex geesood ah oo ka mid ah indhaha ku Moscow dahaarka leh kula dhalanrog ah in ay dhaceen tan.

Isla sanadkaas, tartan qandaraas taaso ah, loogu talagalay horumarinta shaqada iyo waraaqo design u dhiska munaaradda ku guuleystay shirkada "Tayada iyo isku halaynta", taas oo ah in ka badan toban milyan iyo badh rubles ayaa abuuray mashruuc caalami ah dib u dhiska.

Maareeyaha Fund "Shukhov Tower" iyo-awow weyn ee injineerka cajiib ah ayaa sheegay in mashruucan oo qiimihiisu yahay 2 milyan oo euros ay bixiyaan hay'adaha ajnabiga ah in la naqshadaha, injineernimada iyo physics ka qabtaan.

baahida loo qabo in dib u soo celinta

Waayo, wakhtiga oo dhan ka mid ah dhismaha injineernimada hawlgalka marnaba capitally ma waxaa cusboonaysiiyey. Back ee 1992, waxaa loo aqoonsaday baahida loo qabo dayactir degdeg ah. Fund "Shukhov Tower" waxaa soo jeediyey fursado dhowr ah dayactir dhismaha this gaar ah.

Fikradda asaasiga ahi waa in aagga u xiran yihiin, ku xiga si ay munaaraddii, si ay u sameeyaan dalxiiska, in la dhiso beeraha, balliyada, matxafyada iyo xafladaha hall.

Waxaa sidoo kale la soo jeediyay si ay u gudbiyaan design oo ku saabsan mid ka mid ah meelaha soo socda:

• Gorky Park ,
• ENEA;
• Kaluga Degmada van.

Against kala iibsiga badan, oo ay ku jiraan kaalinta gaarka ah ka ciyaaray by wakiilada khayraadka "muwaadin firfircoon". "Shukhov Tower waa in uu ku yaalaa on its site taariikhi ah, haddii kale waxay baabbi'in doonaa dunida si fudud waa masterpiece ah," - waxay is-odhan.

Ayaa qorshaynaysa in ay u gudbiyaan: doodaha "waayo" iyo "ka dhan ah"

In 2014, Wasaaradda Isgaadhsiinta iyo Mass Media ayaa sheegay in ilaa munaaraddii kor dhaqaaqaa xaalad pre-degdegga ah ee burburinta serial ah.

Wakiilada ee dawladda ayaa soo jeediyey inay guuriso shay oo dhan iyo soo celin meel kale.

Laakiinse kala iibsiga iyo falanqaynta dhaxalka naqshadda ee dalka u dhaqmeen si degdeg ah 38 khubaro hoggaamineed oo caalami ah iyo injineero, iyo sidoo kale dadka deggan aagga Shabolovka.

Under cadaadiska dadweynaha, dowladda ma ay go'aansatay in ay kala furfuraan munaaraddii oo isku raacay in Wasaaradda Isgaarsiinta gurigooda iyagoo wixii qarash in ay qaadaan tallaabooyin degdeg ah si loo ilaaliyo jawaab shayga.

Waa maxay Foundation "Shukhov Tower"?

Madaxa fund isla adeegta-awow weyn oo Injineer caan ah - Vladimir Fedorovich Shukhov. Waxa uu hadda bixisaa dhiska dhamaystiran ee dhulka u dhow munaaraddii. Sida ay dayactir aragnimo Yurub ee dhismayaasha naqshadda u gaar ah waa in la abuuray ee degaanka meel u dhiganta kaabayaasha iyo in la hubiyo quudinta wax muuqaal sax ah. Sidaas darteed, waxaa suurtagal ah si loo soo jiito maalgelin weyn.

Fund "Shukhov Tower" waxay u taagan tahay abuuritaanka qaab-dhismeedka salka xarunta asalka ah ee sayniska, farshaxanka iyo dhaqanka, taas oo ka mid noqon doona matxaf V. G. Shuhova, xarun ganacsi, iyo set oo ah dhismayaasha dadweynaha.

Ururka heer caalami ah ayaa raadineysa hay'adaha iyo shirkadaha labada, oo keentay injineerada, injineero iyo khubaro.

xaqiiqooyinka Interesting ku saabsan munaaraddii

Shuhovskaya - waxa run ahaantii waa qaab-dhismeedka hyperboloid gaar ah by la xirrira taageerada cover mesh bir ah lagu sameeyo. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, munaaraddii la aqoonsan by khubaro adduunka oo dhan mid ka mid ah guulaha ugu cajiib ah injineernimada.

Waxay leedahay design xarrago metallosetchatuyu gaar ah in kasta saamaynta ugu yar ee dabaysha, oo ka dhigan qaab dhismeedka aasaasiga ah ee khatarta sare. dhismaha steel waa gaar fudud iyo cimri dherer.

The guryaha munaaraddii wareega tapered 25 ka kooban yahay lix qaybood meter, hoose ee taas la dhigayaa on qoto dheer oo gaar ah la taaban karo ee aasaaska u ah saddex mitir. Munaaraddii waxaa ku xidhnaa la rivets. munaaraddii la dhisay oo aan wiish, loo baahan yahay kaliya hal isku duba top a shaqeeya.

Ka hor dagaalka, dhismaha qaaday kormeer aan caadi ahayn: mail diyaarad lagu jiro dayuurada qabtay cable ee taageeraya munaarado. waxaa gaariga ku dhowaad Ahaysiinay burburin, iyo ilaa munaaraddii kor yar ruxayso, laakiin, nasiib wanaag, istaagtay.

Waa mid aad u xiiso in wakhtiga baahinta live ugu horeysay, markii war akhriyeyaal ah aan la oggol yahay in la sameeyo xitaa qalad yar, waxay la iman jireen dhaqan ee "nasiib": fikradda ah isku tallaalidda hawada guul ku wareegsan munaaraddii iyo waxa xiriiri hoose ee laysku xidho ah.

Faallooyin fiican

Tower The shaki la'aan waa mid ka mid ah calaamadaha ee Moscow. Dalxiisayaal kuwaas oo fursad u helay in uu arko this caan ah, saddexaad ee ugu wayn ee munaaraddii Moscow, waxaa loo arkaa dhismo weyn, wax asal ah oo aad u qurux badan, oo maal aan dhabta ah ee Russia.

Waxay ku doodayaan in mugdi ah, iyo hawo u cad, Dhuur badan hawdka la taaban karo ee magaalada, waxa ay u muuqataa weyn.

Dadka rajaynaynaa in munaaraddii ka noqon doona Moscow, iyo in la soo celiyo ugu dambeyn doona.

Dadka ka soo horjeeda ay u ilaaliyaan shayga

Nasiib darro, waxa jira. Taageerayaasha wax dumin ah ku adkeyso on xaqiiqada ah in halka ee gobolka jooga, munaaraddii boolidii muuqaalka kore ee xaafadda.

Gunaanad mid: Shukhov daruuri u baahan tahay in la soo celiyo, iyo in ay sidaa sameeyaan waa in sida ugu dhaqsaha badan.