Shakhsiyaadka u fiican oo Russia: liiska. shaqsiyad fiican ee taariikhda Russia

Our qarnigii yimid dhawaan kaliya, sidaas si la hadasho, kuwaas waa shakhsiyad aad u fiican Russia ee qarniga 21aad, ma aynu karo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, falanqaynta ee la soo dhaafay ayaa noo oggolaan doonta in ay fahmaan waxa run ahaantii weyn aynu ka filan karto dhiigga Slavic. Ka dib oo dhan, sida aad ogtahay, yaa garanaya la soo dhaafay, waa ogyahay mustaqbalka.

Poets, fannaaniin, siyaasiyiinta, qorayaasha, saynisyahano iyo fanaaniinta - oo dhan xubno ka mid ah Russia. List, inkastoo kooban, dumiyey by da'da, waxaa la siiyaa hoos hawlaha.

siyaasiyiinta

Alexander Nevsky

isaga iyo bilaabaan shaqsiyad fiican ee taariikhda Russia, taasoo lagu xusay maqaalkan. Grand Prince of Novgorod oo ah hoggaamiye milatari oo cajiib ah, kuwaas oo maamula inuu garaaco iswiidhishka iyo Teutons, oo aasaas u jiritaanka Russia in ay dhaqan taariikheed iyo dhaqan dhigay.

Ivan Xun ee IV

Iska daadi Prince of Moscow, taas oo, ay sabab u tahay iyaga oo xad-dhaaf ah uu awood u leeyahay ka doonista iyo harraad waayo, xoog, si ay u abuuraan inta boqortooyadayda a Ruush, noqoto King koowaad ee All Russia. Uu bloodlust adduunka ka caan ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma suurtowdo in ay qiimayn dheeraad ilaa xadka ay uu dib u habaynta iyo edeb Russia, waxaa ka abuuraya mid dhan oo gobolka lagu xisaabtami karo deriskiisa kasta.

Peter aan

Reformer iyo innovator kaasi oo isku dayaya in ay Russia dawlad dhab ah oo Yurub ka dhigi. First Emperor of Russia waxa uu noqday sida koror weyn ay sabab u tahay dalka by bari. Aasaasihii of St. Petersburg iyo Navy abuuray.

Catherine II

Si weyn u balaariyay soohdimaha Empire Ruush ah. Waxa uu ka dhigay dadkii ku abtirsan ugu mudan iyo fasalka muhiim ah. Sokoeye iyo sayniska iyo farshaxanka, "baraha Ruush", taas oo ahayd inay awoodaan inay qabtaan habaynta ugu qoto dheer oo muhiim ah Peter Great ka dib.

Vladimir Ilyich Lenin

Hogaamiyaha Kacaanka Oktoobar, mid ka mid ah aragtiyaha ugu muhiimsan ee shuuciyiinta. Founder iyo inspirer ee gobolka ugu horreeyey ee hantiwadaagga - USSR. aragla'aan midhaha ay halganka uu ku dhintay.

qorayaasha

Alexander Ostrovsky

Shakhsiyaadka u fiican oo Russia ka mid ah heesaha curiya qarnigii 19aad tahay inuusan weligiis la sameeyay iyada oo aan dhaxalka ah ee qoraaga this. "Ruush Ibsen," qoraaga of play ah "aroosadda", "Biriqleh", "dadkiisa - la tiriyey." The la xidhey ugu horeysay Ruush, waxay bilaabeen in ay maal-a undertones nafsi characters replica qoto dheer.

Nikolai Gogol

Abwaan iyo qoraa. Loo yaqaan play "Dowladda Isbatooraha", "Guurka", iyo sidoo kale tiraab - "Wii", "jubbad dheer The" iyo kuwa kale oo awoowe khaas ah oo ku sifayn ah "naxdin.". theme ugu weyn ee hal-abuurka - nin yar iyo cadaalad darada ah ee dunida ee la xiriirta in ay.

Fyodor Dostoevsky

Author ah tixaha ah "doqon ah", "Dambiyada iyo cadaab", "The Brothers Karamazov." nafsiga Deep, weligiis bedelay xeerkii tilmaamay nolosha hoose oo qof. Waayo, guriyo u calool-xumida leh ee St. Petersburg iyo daruuraha-xumida, mar kasta waxaan isku dayay inuu ka tago rajo akhristaha. Si firfircoon sahamiyey shuqullada, uu xiriirka u dhexeeya nin iyo Ilaah ee.

Leo Tolstoy

Qoraaga, oo dunida "Nabadda iyo Colaadda" iyo siiyey "Anna Karenina." Writer naf Ruush run. pacifist A dhan naftiisa si firfircoon ka dhanka ah dagaalka, taas oo ka muuqatay shuqulladiisa. Waxa uu rumeysan yahay in xaaladda ugu muhiimsan farxad - midnimada nin leh dabeecadda.

Anton Chekhov

Anekdotist, lagu qasbay in ay qoraan sheekooyin funny in ay ku quudiyaan qoyska iyo lacag ayaa waxaa qaar ka mid ah lacagta qadaadiicda yar. Shakhsiyaadka u fiican oo Russia waa wax aan macquul aheyn oo aan this asalka ah "Man aan caajisnimo ah." Ros xaq hore ee akhristaha, waxaa si tartiib ah horumarinta iyo abuurista sheyga ugu muhiimsan oo dhan suugaanta adduunka - ". Saddex Sisters" sheekooyinka ee "TUUG" iyo "cadowga" ee cayaarta "shimbir badeed" iyo

Anton Chekhov - qoraa ugu horeysay buuse joogaa, kan si ay sheegayaan in dhammaan dhibaatooyinka aadanaha ka mid ah - nacasnimo aadanaha aan la koobi karayn.

Gabayaana

Alexander Pushkin

The Abwaan Ruush weyn iyo qoraaga of gabayo badan oo gabayo, oo ay ku jiraan novel ah "Eugene Onegin" gabay. Marka dibadda odhan "Shakhsiyaadka Heer of Russia", u badan tahay, hal mar u yeedhay Pushkin. Dhab ahaantii, iyo Abuuraha reer gabayada Ruush classical, hanad ee Age Golden ee gabayada Ruush. In gabayo uu kor u qaadi kari jiray cayn kasta oo mawduucyo - ka Dulmi bulshada si ay dareenkooda ugu khiyaano jacaylka.

Mikhail Lermontov

Qoraaga of maansadu "Hero of Our Time" oo xarig ah noocyo kala duwan oo badan oo gabayo. Waxa uu la diriray ee Caucasus, kaas oo uu ku noqday ku dhawaad qof buuxa fuliya oo shuqulladiisa. Weydii su'aalo u baahan dagaal iyo diidniintayda aadanaha.

Vladimir Mayakovsky

Abuuraha reer futurism bannaan ee dhaqanka ee Russia. Waxa uu ku qoray gabayo ay foom kooxda golaha gaar ah. Shuuciga An sintaan Haweejkiinna dhexdooda, waxaa loo arkaa mid ka mid ah afka kacaanka. Ilaa iyo dhamaadka naftiisa difaacaneysa ee hadafyada dhabta ah ee kacaanka. Mid ka mid ah ugu weyn ee gabayaaga of Age Silver ah.

Sergey Yesenin

Contemporary Mayakovsky oo buuxi ay soo horjeeda sida qoraaga ah. lyrics naxariisbadanaha iyo soulful in weli maareeyo si ay weligood sii caaya oo dhallinyaro ah. Mowduucyada kiciyey si ay ula dagaallanto qofka la deegaanka, jacaylka dabiiciga ah iyo, dabcan, waxay naagtii ku.

Vladimir Vysotsky

Bard, author of heeso iyo gabayo badan. Abwaan ugu weyn ee Da'da Naxaas ah. Codkiisa xabeeb sida codka dhaxalgal ah ku guuldareystay in isaga tagay oo dhan shaqsiyad fiican oo qarnigii 20-Russia. Mowduucyada kiciyey uu halgan gudaha iyo dibadda nin, oo wuxuu meeshiisii bulshada iyo adduunka guud ahaan. satirist khafiif ah.

Bulat Okudzhava

Sidoo kale gabayaa, oofiyey gabay u gaar ah ee foomka of songs. A, ayuu ku qoray gabayo taabashada iyo daacad ah, iyadoo qaar ka mid ah reverie runtan ka buuxsamay. Inta badan wuxuu tusaale loo isticmaalo, abuurista iyaga oo gargaar ka mid ah kuwan images qoto dheer. gabayadiisuna waxay ahaayeen qaab masaalkan in ay ahayd mar xitaa (genially) parodied Vysotsky.

filim

Lev Kuleshov

Thanks isaga si, shaqsiyad fiican Ruush Markaasay waxay bilaabeen inay u muuqdaan in filimka. Discoverer "Kuleshov Saamaynta" - "laba loox oo madaxbanaan oo macnaha, wada dhegaan, abuuro macnaha cusub." Dhab ahaantii, aasaasihii ee u sheekada.

Sergey Eyzenshteyn

Qoraaga of nidaam ah "markab dagaal Potemkin", taas oo weli neefta isku muuqataa. theorist Film iyo Abuuraha reer rakibo firfircoon.

The ugu horeysay ee Russia, kuwaas oo loo isticmaalo midabka filimka - ". Markab dagaal Potemkin" calanka cas oo dhan isku mid ah

Mikhail Romm

filim Documentary ( "caadiga ah Farta") iyo ciyaaraha ( "Sagaal Days of One Year") filimada. Mid ka mid ah aragtiyaha film bartamihii qarnigii XX ugu muhiimsan. macalinka VGIK iyo qoraaga waraaqo cilmi ah oo tiro badan.

Andrei Tarkovsky

Ninka maamula in ay toogtaan guriga tahay runta ah USSR. cajalado lagu buuxiyey macnaha shakhsi, buuxa ahaa tusaalayaasha iyo tilmaamo khiyaano. Wuxuu dumiyey "Solaris" iyo "dabasocdaha", inta badan uu shaqada nooc ka mid ah masaallo Ta'wiil.

fanaaniinta

Andrei Rublev

Modern shaqsiyad fiican Ruush ka mid ah fanaaniinta ah ayaa lahaa wax aan macquul aheyn oo aan ninkii aasaaskii rinjiyeynta Ruush dhigay.

Author of badan walxood, Andrei Rublev naftiisa u tahay this adag u go'ay. Haddaba shuqulladiisa jira ma aha oo kaliya in kaniisadaha laakiin sidoo kale meelo kala duwan, shaybaarka iyo hadafyada of iconography.

Ilya Repin

author of farshaxanka badan iyo workaholic buuxda. From gacantiisa soo hoos waxyaabaha sida "lama filaan ah", "dhoofay" iyo "Ivan Grozny dila wiilkiisii." Xariif xaaladeed, farshaxankiisa "Muuqaal".

Mid kasta oo ka mid ah rinjiyeynta - sida sawir laga qaado inta lagu guda jiro boosaska Champions dhacdada, taas oo uu isku dayay in ay qabsadaan. farshaxankiisa waa Rowan nool oo laga yaabaa in aanay mar walba muujin macnaheeda runta ah at jaleecada hore. Muhiimka ah ee Repin - waa dareen ah oo ka mid ah jilayaasha iyo faahfaahinta.

Kazimir Malevich

casri weyn, oo loo yaqaano qoraaga waxa uu noqday magac qoyska "Black Square". Waxaan mashquul ku ahaa raadinta foomamka iyo siyaalla lagu muujiyo midab rinji cusub. farshaxankiisa waxaa ka buuxa sidaynu iyo qaababka joomateri, isku dayayaan in ay ku been abuuran wax cusub in uu fanka. Waxaan isku dayayaa in aan ka heli farshaxankiisa "nasasho buuxda."

Composers

Pyotr Tchaikovsky

Mid ka mid ah composers xirfadeed Ruush ugu horeysay, Tchaikovsky dhigay music ee farsamada runta ah (in dareen wanaagsan). Waxa uu ahaa nin si fudud ma qori kartaa music.

mawduucyo aad u kala duwan sara oo dhan noocyo suurto galka ah ee laxamiistaha ugu Petra Ilicha, ay awoodaan in ay gaaraan qalbiyada qof kasta ka dhigay. The ugu caansan shuqulladiisa - ballets ah "Nutcracker The" iyo "Swan Lake".

Nikolai Rimsky-arrimo

author ugu fiican u yaqaan ee operas dhex composers Ruush. Mowduucyada ugu weyn ee la shaqeeyay Nikolai Andreyevich - sheekooyin iyo sheekooyinka ( "Saddex mucjiso", "The xaasnimada Snow").

Waxaan rumaysanahay in ujeedada ugu weyn ee music - waa midnimada dhegeyste la dabeecadda dhabta ah ee dunida, taas oo kaliya lagu sheegi karaa in la mid ah, nooc ka mid ah nunu.

Dmitri Shostakovich

Laxamiistaha qaddarta adag, markii hore ka shaqeeyay qaab casri ah, iyo si firfircoon tijaabiyay oo dhan noocyo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ku "Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk" ma jeceshahay Stalin shakhsi ahaan, ka dibna waxaa xigay cadaadis arxan.

In si ay u isaga iyo qoyskiisa badbaadiyo, Shostakovich lahaa inuu ku sameeyo Gaarna "dadweynaha" muhiimka ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, uu music iyo run ahaantii waxay cadeyneysaa in xitaa dhegeyste fudud maqlo undertones maal laxamiistaha. Muudh badan oo khiyaano iyo macnayaasha, oo uu maal-Symphony ku №5 iyo №7, ka dibna qof kasta fahamsan yahay.

saynisyahano

Mikhail Lomonosov

The lexicographer Ruush ugu horeysay, "dadka cilmiga oo dhan." Russia keentay cilmi heer Yurub. Waxaan soo helay badan oo ku dhowaad sayniska kasta oo casri ah isaga loogu talagalay.

Sida academician ah iyo mid ka mid ah shakhsiyaad ugu firfircoon ee uu waqti, isagu waa icon ah Nuurin Ruushka.

Dmitri Mendeleev

Waxa uu horey u noqday farmashiyaha Ruush halyeeyga, kan kara inuu abuuro nidaam ku wareegsan qaybaha kiimikada, oon si weyn u riixay weeraryahanka dunida ka mid ah sayniska. Jiritaanka miiska noocan oo kale ah si cad u muujinaysaa wada noolaanshaha ee dabiiciga ah iyo nidaamka cad.

Mid ka mid ah daahfurtay ugu weyn ee taariikhda aadanaha oo, kaas oo, dhab ahaantii, dhawra oo dhan sayniska dabiiciga ah oo casri ah, isagaa leh. Waxa aan ka shaqeeyey cilmiga kale, halkaas oo uu sidoo kale arinta daahfurtay in sameeyey kala duwan.

Ivan Pavlov

The Nobel Prize guusha ugu horeysay ka Russia. Pavlov arinta daahfurtay in sameeyey oo muhiim ah bayoolaji iyo jirka - in uu helay joogitaanka hummaag ah ee jirka ku xayawaanka. Markaasaa waxaa taas saynisyahan Ruush iyagii u kala qaybiyey shuruud iyo shuruud la'aan.

Daahfurka Pavlov Nagi naftiisa oo dhan iyo xataa u dhimanaya, ayuu sii waday in ay ardayda u yeerin dareenkooda - in sayniska waxa ay awood u hesho in la ogaado xaaladda dhimashada.

ciyaaraha fudud

Ivan Poddubny

The Lagdamaaga Ruush halyeeyga, "geesi qarnigii XX ah". In toban sano, waxaan lagama badin muddo hal. Shan jeer ku guuleystay legdinta.

Garry Kasparov

ciyaaryahan Chess la tiro ka mid ah abaalmarinta, ee "Chess Oscar" oo horyaalka ah horyaalka adduunka. Waxa uu noqday caan ah oo isku jira oo aad u guul ah xeeladaha iyo tabaha kala duwan, oo awood u leh inay ka baxdo guusha xisbiga darradaas si buuxda bungled.

"Horeeyay Kasparov" - sidaas oo kalena haatan loo yaqaan guuro lama filaan ah iyo caadi ahayn si ay bilowgii ciyaarta.

Lev Yashin

The goolhaye Soviet, caan ku tahay buuxda "neprobivaemostyu". Waxaa loo arkaa goolhayaha ugu wanaagsan ee qarnigii XX ah. Si joogta ah loo aqoonsan yahay goolhayaha ugu fiican ee USSR. Guulaystey "Golden Ball".

gunaanad

Sida aan ka arki kartaa, shakhsiyadda qofka fiican ee taariikhda Russia ayaa noqotay mid aad muhiim u ah oo dhan ah aadanaha. Chekhov si ammaan ah oo la odhan karaa riwaayadaha ugu fiican dunida, iyo Mendeleyev - farmashiyaha ugu weyn. dadkan oo dhan waxay muhiim u yihiin oo keliya ma aha, waayo, Russia laakiin sidoo kale meel kasta oo ay ku caanka yihiin.

Waxaa la rajeynayaa in tirooyinka u fiican oo Russia qarniga 21aad waxay noqon doontaa, sida ka horreeyay, waxay, macnaheedu wax dunida, ma aha oo kaliya, waayo, dalkooda.