Rukavishnikov Nikolai Nikolaevich, cir ah: Biography

Rukavishnikov Nikolai Nikolaevich - Soviet injineerka cosmonaut iyo imtixaanka saddex iyo labaatanaad oo "Soyuz-10" iyo "Salyut". "Midowga-16" waxa uu ahaa injineer diyaarad. Xubin ka mid ah xisbiga shuuciga ah ee Midowga Soofiyeeti. Waxa uu helay abaalmarino badan oo dowladda ay shaqada. NN Rukavishnikov horreeyey waxaa la sameeyey pride deg deg ah gacanta.

qoyska

Rukavishnikov Nikolai Nikolaevich ku dhashay siddeed iyo September 1932 magaalada Tomsk. Oo hooyadiis, Galina, shaqeeyay injineer design on tareenka ah. Adeer, - oo ah madaxa mashruuca dhismaha. Marka koray, Nikolay guursaday Nina Vasilyevna, oo hore u soo shaqeeyay injineer sare, ka dibna wuxuu noqday guri joogta ah. Waxay lahaa wiil, Vladimir.

formation

Marka ugu horeysa, Nicholas bartay dugsiga Usbakis magaalada Angra. Markaas waxbarashadiisa ka sii watay ee Tomsk. Inkasta oo aabbihiis iyo hooyadiis ka shaqeeyey Mongolia ka 1947 si ay u 1950. Waxaan u tegey magaalada xadka dugsiga Kehtaitse. Waxa uu mar hore ka qalin jabiyay dugsiga sare ee Moscow ee 1951, ka dibna soo galay kulliyadda caasimada farsamo (hadda ka Physical Engineering Institute) ee Kulliyadda ee qalabka kombiyuutarka korontada iyo qalabaynta. Wuxuu ka qalin jabiyay 1957 la qaaska ah injineernimada-physics ah. In 1980, uu difaacay sida uu u sha, oo wuxuu noqday musharax ee cilmiga farsamada.

Inta badan jeclaaday juqraafiga, xisaabta iyo physics. Aabbaha Nicholas u suurtagashay in ay abuurto in wiilkiisa jacayl ah radiodelu ka carruurnimada hore. Nikolai xajin dareen u ah nolosha. Machadka ahayd jeclaan of shaqada sayniska. Waxaa ka mid ah ardayda kale Nicholas go'doonsan tayada sida aqoon korodhsiga, maanka xiiso leh, dadaalkaas iyo thoughtfulness.

Khibrad shaqo

Tan iyo 1957 Rukavishnikov Nikolai Nikolaevich shaqeeyay injineer CRI-58. Waxa uu soo bandhigay in howlgalka kombiyuutarka. Isla mar ahaantaana ku hawlan design, horumarinta, rakibaadda iyo imtixaanka Nidaamka kantaroolka, ay ka mid yihiin ilaalinta farsamo ee tigoodu nuclear.

Laga soo bilaabo 1957 waxa uu ka shaqeeyay qaybta kow iyo labaatanaad ayaa OKB-1 sida injineer. Horumariyo nidaamka maamulka saldhigga interplanetary si toos ah, wuxuu ka qaybgalay abuurka dhirta iyo duulimaadka imtixaanka. In 1960 NN Rukavishnikov loo dalacsiiyay Injineer ka tirsan. koox ee kormeersan in ay diyaariyeen meel u diidan nidaamka maamulka. Maamulka jeclaa tayada iyo xawaaraha shaqada, si deg deg ah Nicholas koray iyada oo safafka. Waa in la ogaadaa in indulgences kasta oo marna uu isticmaalo oo kaliya ay gaareen ay hawshiisu ahayd.

Laga soo bilaabo 1962 in 1963. Nikolai saarnaa gacanta adag iyo qalabaynta falanqeeyo macluumaadka helay abuuray, iyo xilliga dayrta ee 1964 waxaa loo magacaabay madaxa kooxda horumarinta.

Flight diyaarinta

In 1964 Rukavishnikov Nikolay Nikolayevich loo diray baaritaan caafimaad sida musharax u taagan cir ah, laakiin ma uusan siin helaan Commission. Laba sano ka dib, ayuu haddana soo maray baaritaan caafimaad, iyo ugu dambeyntii waxaa loo magacaabay cosmonaut imtixaan. Isla mar ahaantaana uu ka qaybqaatay abuurista nidaam meel walxaha gacanta. Horumariyay koox ka mid ah qalabka, nidaamyada saarnaa, iwm, ka qayb-galay oo ahaa jirrabyadii.

In 1967, Nicholas noqday xubin ka mid ah Asluubta cosmonaut iyo ayaa loo xil saaray in ay tijaabiyeyaal. Ilaa 1970, wuxuu qabtay tababar gaar ah si ay u duuli agagaarka Moon iyo caga waxa on. Sannaddii toddobaatan ugu horeysay, uu u dallacsiiyey si ay u tijaabiso cosmonaut fasalka saddexaad.

Laakiin tababarka ahayd aan waxtar lahayn, haddii Dhawaaqa qaraxa gantaalka ku dhacay failure, oo halis ku ah nolosha hoggaanka cir kari waayeen. Duulimaadyada lahaa in dib loo dhigo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, diyaar horyaalka meel sii, markan keliya in saldhigga orbital "Salyut".

Diyaaradii

Its cosmonaut ugu horeysay diyaarad Rukavishnikov, kuwaas oo Biography waxaa lagu tilmaamay in this article, ka go'an sidii Injineer imtixaan ee April 1971 "ku-Midowga 10." In dunida waxa ay aheyd markii ugu horeysay oo iska daba-bannaan oo xirtey la saldhigga boos ah ayaa lagu soo gabagabeeyey. Laakiin feedhuhu dhameystiran ku guuldareysatay inay u qabtaan cidhiidhi ee wadajirka ah, sidaa darteed kala guurka ee cir saldhiga meesha bannaan ee, waqtigan ma ay qaadan meel.

The duulimaadka Nikolai labaad lahaa in la sameeyo labaatanaad-July 1971, laakiin ku dhowaad bil ka hor taariikhda in, ayaa lagu dilay shaqaalihii oo dhan "Soyuz-11", sidaas tageen ayaa lagu meel-gaar ah la joojiyay. Bishii September ee isla sannadkaas Rukavishnikov noqday xigeenka madaxa waaxda.

diyaarad labaad

The cosmonaut duulimaadka Tomsk labaad Rukavishnikov sameeyey bishii December 1974 sida Injineer diyaarad on board "Soyuz-16". Duulimaadka socday 5 maalmood 22 saacadood. 23 min. 35 sec. Taliyaha pride loo magacaabay A. Fillipenko. cir The saxiirtaas hawsha xaliyay. Barnaamijka waxaa loo xisaabiyaa on duulimaad laba imtixaanka, iyo lix bilood ka dib waxaa lagama maarmaan ahayd in nuqul markabka weyn ee markabka.

Si arrintan loo sameeyo, barnaamijka "APAS" waxaa la abuuray (duulimaadka imtixaanka), in qaab dhismeedka of taas oo qabata diyaarad labaad. In 1975 Rukavishnikov N. N. Oo Qaliin diyaarinta dheeraad ah oo duulimaad ku xigta, oo la mid ah in 1977, laakiin post ka mid ah taliyaha "Midowga".

diyaarad saddexaad

diyaarad saddexaad ee meel Rukavishnikov sameeyey bishii April 1979 horeba waa in jagada taliyaha, oo taasuna waxay ahayd duulimaadka ugu horeeya ee sida madaxa rayid ah. Sida markabka soo dhawaaday saldhiga meesha bannaan ee, waxaa jiray xaalad degdeg ah - degna off engine la xidho. Kaliya amarka wanaagsan markabka Nikolai Nikolaevich uu ka badbaaday oo si nabdoon ku soo laabtay Earth. markii ugu horeysay wuxuu soo degtey xaalad deg deg ah ayaa waxaa gacanta ka dhigay.

duulimaadyo End

In siddeetan saddexaad sano Rukavishnikov ah - cir ah, ayaa sheegay in meel bannaan oo saddex jeer, mar kale waxay bilaabeen inay u diyaar garoobaan horyaalka soo socda, waxaa loo magacaabay xubin ka mid ah shaqaalaha markabka ugu horeysay ee Soviet-Indian. Laakiin sababo caafimaad Nikolai Nikolaevich musharaxnimada la soo diiday, oo wuxuu saaray diyaarinta ee horyaalka. Sanadkii 1987 uu meesha ka saaray ka tirada cir sabab u fariistay.

Rukavishnikov inta badan macalin ee "Aqoonta" bulshada, waxa uu ahaa xubin ka mid ah ay guddiga iyo warbaahinta si joogta ah taasoo keentay saabsan boos. Ilaa fariistay shaqeeyay sidii ku xigeen. oo madax ka ah RKK "Energy" mar ahaa madaxweynaha oo ka mid ah Federation of Cosmonautics, marka hore Midowga Soofiyeeti iyo markaas Russia.

Rukavishnikov sida qof

Sida Nikolai Nikolaevich xusuusan kuwa isaga yiqiin oo dhammu, waxa uu ahaa qof aad u xiiso badan, xilka, aad u firfircoon oo faraxsan. Maxaa yeelay, isagu wuu ogaa Nikolai Rukavishnikov aad u badan, waxay ahayd Sheeko la yaab leh. Mar walba waxa uu ku jawaabay codsiyada caawinaad, iyo qaar ka mid ah xitaa waxaa loo bixiyey Tomsk Gagarin. The isku dhaceen taallo isaga u la dhigay intii uu noolaa.

dhimashada cir ee

Nikolay Nikolaevich Rukavishnikov - cir ah kuwaas oo u dhintay wadna xanuun sababa barar sambabada ah, sagaal iyo October 2002 Tani waxa ay ahayd natiijada dhibaatooyin ah ee Alzheimers, taas oo laga helay cosmonaut ah. Rukavishnikov lagu aasay qabuuraha Moscow Ostankino.