Noocyo iyo noocyada kala duwan ee digirta. Photo iyo description

si fiican u yaqaan Fulham Ruush dhaqanka sida digirta, mid ka mid ah toban cuntooyinka ugu ballaaran baabbi'ine dunida. Tani dhalidda aan qabyo ahayn iyo dalagyada la abuuri karaa in ku dhow kasta oo cimilada iyo carradu of Halabuurka kasta. Its noocyo iyo qaabab ugu badato. Later ee maqaalka, oo ka fiirso wixii yihiin noocyada digirta (la photos). Waxaa laga yaabaa in ay kaa caawin doonaa qof ka gaadiidleeyda inaad doorato noocyo gaar ah oo ka mid ah dhaqanka cajiibka ah.

dirka ugu weyn ee

Si aad u taariikhda, bayoolajiga jira in ka badan 250 kala duwan oo digir ah, annuals iyo perennials. iyaga kala saaro horrayn laba kooxood oo waaweyn:

• L Phaseolus (US).
• Vigna Savi (Asian).

kala duwan labaad ee lagu qeybiyo bean kala duwan aad u dheer iyo miraha yar yar. Baaqbaaq dhaqanka tani waa asal kaliya ee Asia. In dalalka Yurub, Russia, South iyo North America, bean ugu baahsan Phaseolus L. Its feature weyn ee soocayaa waa qeybiyo gaaban iyo digirta arrin weyn oo leh "af dhuuban" sifo.

Kala duwan oo ka mid ah foomka baadiyaha

Currently, noocyo la abuuri karaa in dunida oo digir ah:

• twine;
• kuweyga,
• Geed.

Dhammaan noocyada kuwaas oo digir ah arrin caan ah oo leh beeralayda maxaliga ah. fasalada tidcan stem Main ka gaari karin dherer ah iyo shan mitir. digirta Curly wax yar ka gaaban. jeedal Her koraan inta lagu guda jiro xilli wax ka badan 2 m. noocyo geed yihiin dhirta si caddaalad ah is haysta. Waxa ay height sida caadiga ah aan ka badnayn 30-60 cm. Noocyada Tani, markeeda, waxay noqon kartaa mid si xoog leh ama slabokustistoy.

Noocyada isticmaalka muuqaalada

The beero inta badan gaadiidleeyda Ruush suurto gal ah si ay u arkaan digirta duqeyn caadiga ah. Waxaa si gaar ah u koray on digirta. Recently, si kastaba ha ahaatee, in dalkeenu noqdo noocyo more caanka ah ee dalagga this, kaymo, garbaha succulent cagaaran. The noocyada soo socda oo digir ah ee kooxdan,

• dhir (digir) sonkorta;
• polusaharnaya.

In the noocyo bean xilkii guddoomiyenimo ugu horeysay ee gudaha gabi ahaanba waa ka maqan lakabka qaro weyn firming ee soo Dejino. In uu yahay, iyaga oo aan haysan unugyada adag buunshada ku, joogitaanka kaas oo caan ku ah oo dhan kala duwan oo tuban ah. vanes noocan oo isku shiil karaa cunto karinta ama fuud. iyaga Cunista foomka cayriin ama saladh xagaaga.

dhadhan Light of dhir - waa wax digirta kala duwan. Foomamka waxaa ka mid ah, sida hulling, kala duwan (kuweyga, sida cawbaar, fuulitaanka). Laakiin si ay u dhadhan aan caadi ahayn waxaa la odhan dhir dhan oo iyaga ka mahad.

digirta Polusaharnaya aad uula mid tahay leguminous. Bilowga ee koritaanka garbaha ay sidoo kale si buuxda wax garad lakabka buunshada ku adag soo Dejino, oo sidaas daraaddeed waxaa loo isticmaali karaa cuntada sida. Farqiga u dhexeeya kala duwan this ee sonkor ah waa kaliya ee xaqiiqda ah in sida koriinkedu of lakabka soo Dejino in garbaha ay weli u muuqda. Sidaa darteed adkayn leh beergooyska ee digirta oo kale ma karo. qeybiyo sii qallafiyey polusaharnyh kala duwan laga yaabaa, si kastaba ha ahaatee, kaliya on Plet ilaa digirta baaluq.

foomka madaxtooyada

noocyada kala duwan ee digirta iyo garbaha oo tuban dhir siin ah oo aad u dhadhan fiican leh iyo digirta. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, beeraha Ruush gaadiidleeyda inta badan koray oo waa nooc kale oo aad u xiiso badan ee dhaqanka this - madaxtooyada. Noocyo ubax oo digir ah waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa decoration ee noocyada kala duwan ee meelaha taagan in yards iyo beeraha. Beeray noocyada ornamental qaaday dhow dayrarka, pergolas, terraces, ayaa ku dhow inay awdo, iwm Waxaa jira laba nooc oo waaweyn oo bean this ..:

• badan-oo ubax,
• beerta.

Dhammaan noocyada kala duwan ee digirta madaxtooyada , waxaa jira mid ka mid feature aad u xiiso badan, iyo burooyinkeeda cado ee warshadda this mar walba la mid yihiin kuwa midabka ah ee midhihii.

Noocyo of maanka digirta

abuurka bean yeelan karaan qaab aad u kala duwan, size iyo midabka. Tirada digir in xilkii guddoomiyenimo ah ayaa sidoo kale waxaa laga yaabaa kala duwan - sadex ilaa todobo. In ka latitudes qoraxda leh ee Europe iyo Russia ayaa inta badan koray kala duwan undemanding abuur cad. Beeralayda ee South America iyo Asia door bidaan in ay baaqbaaq bean madow.

Mugga oo digir ah dalagga this loo kala saari karaa saddex qaybood oo waaweyn:

• melkosemennyh (. 1 kun oo digir ah miisaankana waa wax ka badan 200 g);
• srednesemennaya (200-400 g);
• krupnosemennaya (400 g).

Noocyada kala duwan oo digir ah waxay yeelan karaan digir cad, madow ama cas. Waxaa sidoo kale jira noocyo leh miraha ka qaxay halkaas. Qadarka iyo ratio of walxaha macdanta si ay u shaqeeyo ee digirta mid ah midabo kala duwan waxaa laga yaabaa kala duwan.

digirta cad

Digirta midabka this waxaa ugu horayn lagu gartaa xaqiiqada ah in ay ku jiraan protein aad u badan (100 g - 7 g). Sidaa darteed digirta oo kale waa in ay isku dayaan in ay koraan qof oo qaba miisaan xad-dhaaf ah. Waa waxtar leh in la cuno digirta cad iyo dadka waayeelka ah.

Intaa waxaa dheer, in miraha bean ah ku jira waxyaabo badan oo bir ah. Sidaa darteed, si ay u isticmaalaan in cuntada ka caawinaysaa si loo xoojiyo nidaamka wadnaha iyo horumarinta guud ee jidhka. Karinta digirta midabka this waxaa fiican in lala khudaarta, oo ay ku jiraan xaddi weyn oo vitamin C.

Noocyada oo digir cad oo, sida kale wax, way kala duwan yihiin. Haddii la doonayo, waxaad iibsan kartaa miraha geedka, fuuli jiray ama tidcan foomamka.

The kala duwan ugu wanaagsan ee la digirta cad

Ku dhowaad dhammaan kala duwan oo digir ah koray by technology isla. Soosaarkooda ah dalagyada khudradda ugu badnaan ku xiran tahay oo kaliya on nooca loo doortay iyo lacagta la siiyo waqti dhirta lagu jiro xilli diiran. digirta White ka gaadiidleeyda waa mid aad loo jecel yahay. Siday u kala horreeyaan, iyo noocyo ay soo bandhigi badan. The ugu caansan waxaa ka mid ah:

1. "Black Indhaha". Midhaha ugu of bean this leeyihiin size aad u yar. fasalka loo yaqaan sidaas maxaa yeelay miraha ay cad mar walba waa dhibic yar oo madow. Peel digirta kuwani waa mid aad u dhuuban, oo sidaas daraaddeed ayay u si dhakhso ah loo diyaariyey iyo xitaa uma baahna barareyso.
2. "Chali". Kala duwan Tani waxay soo saartaa a miraha halkii weyn, adeegsaday kaliya diyaarinta suxuunta. Joogta ah ee digirta "Chali" aad u cufan. Oo sidaas daraaddeed waxay si ammaan ah ugu horeysay la karkariyey karo ka dibna la shiilay.
3. "Nevi". digir digirta Tani mahad wax ku jira xaddi badan oo birta ah iyo fiber iyo saamaynta aad u faa'iido on jidhka bini'aadamka.

digirta cas

Noocyada iyo noocyo of dalagga this, sidoo kale, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la tixgeliyo. Digirta midabka this ka hooyooyinka guri guri jiraan wax ka yar caan ah oo badan oo cad. digirta Red ku jira xaddi badan oo ah halkii protein - 8 g per 100 g

Faa'iidada ugu weyn ee digirta color waa in ay ku jiraan tiro aad u badan oo ah antioksidant. Sida laga soo xigtay tilmaamahan, bean cas waa xitaa ka hor currants. Dhab ahaantii, antioksidanter yeedhay walxaha gaar ah oo ilaaliya jidhka bini'aadamka ka radionuclides waxyeello iyo geedi socodka gabowga daahiyaan. Waa in ay diyaar u mahad naqayo oo waxaa loo arkaa mid ka mid ah ugu waxtarka badan ee dhammaan dalagga koray vacationers, bean cas. Waxaa jira noocyo kala duwan waxaa ka mid ah. color Tani waxay noqon kartaa digirta labada caadiga ah iyo Asian. Waxaa jira noocyo kala duwan oo baadiyaha iyo twine leh miraha cas. yeelan karaan midabka ah ee miraha iyo foomka madaxtooyada oo digir ah.

The kala duwan ugu wanaagsan ee digirta cas

Kala duwan oo digir ah miraha sida meelaha magaalada hareeraheeda ah gaadiidleeyda Ruush ayaa sidoo kale ka arki kartaa marar badan. Duqeyn kala duwan ugu wanaagsan ee cas ee dalka waa:

1. "Skorospelka". bean digirta Tani bislaadaan 55-60 maalmood gudahood ka dib markii laga beerto. astaamaha ugu muhiimsan waxay kala yihiin: dhererka qaab qurux badan oo nidaamsan iyo midabka casaan-cas wacan.
2. "Yaanyo". Tani kala duwan ee digirta cas waa wanaagsan qasaceyn iyo karinta suxuunta dhaqanka Joorijiyaan. Midhaha ugu of uu brown, elongated iyo wax yar ka simay.
3. "Xidshiidha". Tani waa kala duwan thermophilic ku filan waa la koray inta badan gobollada koonfureed ee Russia. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka la isticmaalayo habka kartaa helaan transplanted uu wax-soosaarkooda wanaagsan iyo aaga dhexe ee dalka. Digirta fasalka this waa caddaalad ah oo waaweyn.

digirta madow

kala duwan waxaa sidoo kale koray vacationers guriga, laakiin inta badan ka yar oo cad, iyo kuwo gaduud. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tani micnaheedu ma aha in digirta madow ka yar oo faa'iido leh. Protein dhexdeeda, tusaale ahaan, waxaa ku jira in ka badan in ay caddaadeen, iyo kuwo gaduud (9 g). Oo sidaas daraaddeed, haddii loo baahdo, oo waxa uu xitaa noqon karaa bedel wanaagsan hilibka. Gaar ahaan in borotiinada bean madow ee sifooyinka ay ku dhow waa inay protein xayawaanka.

The benefits of miraha midabka this, iyo waxyaabo kale, waxaa ka mid ah xaqiiqda ah in isticmaalka cuntada oo kor u caadi ah ee dheelitirka kiimikada ee caloosha ah.

The kala duwan ugu wanaagsan ee digirta madow

Tan iyo noocyada this waa kaymo by beeralayda Ruush aan aad u xiiseynayey, iyo fasalada iyada, ma jiro oo aad u badan. Best Available waa:

1. "Keli". Digirta digirta-qaabeeya kala duwan leh iyo kuwo madow (wax yar ka guduudan yahay) midabka. Ka dib markii wax lagu karsado, dhil abuurka ah ee kala duwan uu noqdo mid aad u dhuuban. Tani badala midabka oo digir ah isaga qudhiisa. miraha la karkariyey noqon cado pink jilicsan.
2. "Preto". The seeds of kala duwan this leeyihiin midab ah oo qoto dheer oo madow iyo nabar cad. Digirta cream gudaha. feature ugu muhiimsan ee lagu garan bean tani waa dhadhan berry iftiinka. dhadhanka oo digir ah, "Preto" sida asalka ah - macaan qadhaadh. Karkariyo digir ah waa in ay ahaataa dheer, min ugu yaraan 90., Iyada oo pre-barareyso.

Noocyada kala duwan ee bean u madow yihiin sida caddaan ama casaan ah, waxay noqon kartaa sida cawbaar, tidcan, buufiyo. Isticmaal digirta, kuwaas oo sida cuntada caadiga ah waa in foomka of suxuunta kooxda. Laakiin waxay sidoo kale inta badan ku daray in kooxihii ugu horeeyay ee kulul. Dhadhamiya maraq iyo borscht digirta madow yihiin awood ka badan ayaa xiiso leh oo aad u daran samaynaya.

Waa maxay kala duwan iyo noocyada Digirta Green

Foomkan, sidii hore u soo sheegnay, ma aha wali aad loo jecel yahay la beeralayda maxaliga ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, digirta cagaaran ee Beerood oo Ruushku sanadihii la soo dhaafay waxaa laga arki karaa iyo aad u badan inta badan. Noocyo ka mid ah noocyada this iyo waxaa jira dad badan. Beeralayda dhexe ee Russia, ay u badan tahay in ay ku habboon:

1. "Oil King". Qeybiyo at this hore kala duwan sare-dhalaya leeyihiin midab malab-jaalle ah oo gabi ahaanba ka maran fiber. Dhadhamiya, idinkoo xukumaya by ee dib u eegista dadka degan xagaaga, iyagu waa si fudud u weyn.
2. "Sax". Tani hore ku fulan baadiyaha kala duwan sidoo kale wuxuu jecel yahay beeralayda caan weyn. Qeybiyo uu cagaaran, yar geesba. height ee jirida bean ah "Saxon" kama badna 40 cm.

The fasalada kor ku xusan waa sida cawbaar. Laakiin waxaa kale oo jira noocyo aad u caanka ah ee digirta cagaaran oo loogu fuuli jiray. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah:

1. "Golden dheecaanka miraha". Blades of noocyo hore u bislaadaan maalintii 70aad ka dib markii la beero. Color ay yihiin huruud ah. mid ka mid ah inay xilkii guddoomiyenimo noqon kartaa ilaa 25 cm. mass The oo digir ah orodyahanka waa arrin ballaaran. Sidaa darteed, waxay ku taliyaan wax si loo kobciyo.
2. "Purple Queen". Waa noocyo kala duwan oo aad u xiiso badan, kuwaas oo lagu qeybiyo waa midabka hodan guduud. Faa'iidada ugu weyn ee "Purple Queen" waa dhalidda sare iyo dhadhan wanaagsan ee garbaha ka.
3. "Guulaystey". digirta inta lagu jiro xilliga ubax iyo mararka qaar xitaa qasan leh madaxtooyada. Qeybiyo cultivar "guusha" guri oo aad u dheer (30 cm). Tan iyo markii ay tani tahay digirta kala duwan whimsicality, koraan waxa ay beeralayda soo maray oo keliya.

Kaymo dhir (digirta) digirta, noocyada iyo noocyo kala duwan oo ilaa xad, si qallafsan technology la mid ah sida duqeymaha joogtada ah. The koritaanka kaliya garbaha stage s u baahan tahay waraabinta a more dhamaystiran.

noocyo Asian oo digir ah

Waa in sifooyinka ay noolaha la mid ah digirta caadiga koray, Maraykanka Yurub iyo Russia. Faraqa kaliya ee waa in lagu qeybiyo ay dheer oo juicier. The ugu caansan waa kuwan nooc oo digir ah Asian, sida:

1. "Mash." Kala duwan Tani waa dhaqan ahaan beerayaa Pakistan iyo India. Its feature soocayaa waxa weeye xaqiiqda ah in digirta ay aad uula mid tahay digirta cagaaran yihiin.
2. "Azuki". ku dhashay ee bean barwaaqaysan yihiin Himalayas. Grow "adzuki" oo dhan South-East Asia iyo Japan. The digirta kala duwan this ee kala duwan towns mugdi-cas qurux badan.
3. "Urd". Digirta digir in xoogaa la mid ah abuurka ah ee "Mash" waa, laakiin waa madow. noocyada waa mid aad u gaboobay. Waxa uu ku koray 4,000 oo sano ka hor. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, bean this waa kaymo ee Hindiya, Shiinaha, Japan iyo dalal badan oo Asia kale.
4. "Digir Serpentine." Tani waa mid aad loo jecel yahay ee kala duwan ee Asian, taas oo ku siinayaa a qeybiyo aad u dheer.

The kala duwan ugu wanaagsan oo digir ah Asian

Dabcan, digirta sida nooc ka mid ah oo aad u caanka ah ee breeders ay fiiro sidoo kale aan u tudhin. The kala duwan ugu wanaagsan ee digirta oo kale waa:

1. "Makaretti". kala duwan waxa uu leeyahay karbaash aad u awood badan. Dhererka ay xilkii guddoomiyenimo mararka qaarkood ilaa 35 cm. Faa'iidooyinka kala duwan, iyo waxyaabo kale, waxaa ka mid ah xog. Bislaadaan daab "makaretti" oo ku saabsan 63-65 maalmood ka dib beero ka dib.
2. "Liana". Tani cagaaran sprouts bean kor saartaa ilaa 3 m, oo sidaas daraaddeed u baahan taageero. garbaha Its la cuni karo sida cayriin ama kulaylka-daweeyey.

Marka laga reebo kuwaas oo laba nooc, ku caan ah ay yihiin noocyada kala duwan ee Chinese digirta cagaaran "con Sijil 28/2 kontou" iyo "groik". Labadan Beelaha saaro sprouts mudo aan ka badnayn 1.5 m, oo sidaas daraaddeed ma u baahan tahay taageero. Waxaa sidoo kale si fiican u habaysan ee beeralayda suuqa iyo noocyo cawbaar oo digir ah Asian "Gasson" iyo "yeelan-cha-kontou". height ee Beelaha kuwan aan ka badnayn 0.7-0.8 m iyo qeybiyo waa lakabka soo Dejino. Sidaa darteed, waxay si gaar ah u koray on digirta.