Mouse Computer: taariikhda abuurka. Waxa ay u muuqatay sida mouse ugu horeysay computer?

Maanta, jiirka - talooyin ah lagama maarmaan u ah dhammaan kombiyuutarada casri ah. Laakiin dheeraad ah ayaa dhawaan waxa uu ahaa oo dhan oo kala duwan. Computers aadan haysan a garaafyada interface user, amrayo oo xogta loo gelin karaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo kaliya keyboard ah. Oo markuu waxaa jiray ugu horeysay mouse computer? Waxaad noqon doontaa yaabay si aad u aragto sida ay horumar soo martay caadiga ah ee maado kasta.

Yaa abuurtay mouse ugu horeysay computer?

Douglas Engelbart waxaa loo arkaa aabbe u ahaa qalab this. Wuxuu ka mid ahaa kuwa saynisyahano kuwaas oo isku dayaya in ay sayniska xitaa u dhaw in ay dadka caadiga ah iyo horumarka ay heli karaan qof walba ka dhigi jiray. Waxa uu abuurtay jiirarkii computer ugu horeysay ee 1960 hore ee uu shaybaarka machadka Stanford Research (hadda SRI International). noocooda ugu horeeya ee la dhisay sanadkii 1964, codsiga patent for this been abuurtay, gudbiyay ee 1967 ka, waxa uu ahaa sida an "xy tilmaame booska nidaamka bandhigay". Laakiin dokumenti rasmi ah ku hoos tirada 3541541 helay oo kaliya 1970.

Laakiin wax walba waa sidaas fudud?

Waxaa u muuqan lahaa in qof walba ogyahay, kuwaas oo abuuray mouse ugu horeysay computer. Laakiin technology trackball (drive kubada) markii ugu horaysay la isticmaalo ka badan sidii hore Navy Kanada. Markaas, 1952, jiirka waa kubad caadiga bowling lifaaqan nidaam hardware adag, taas oo dareemi karaa wareeg dunida iyo shabahaan dhaqdhaqaaqa uu shaashadda. Laakiin dunida heli karaa oo keliya soo baxay sano ka dib - maxaa yeelay waxa ay ahayd been abuurtay ciidamada qarsoodi ah in marnaba xiranayo oo aysan isku dayin in ay soo saaraan in tiro badan. 11 sano ka dib waxa ay ahayd mar hore la yaqaan, laakiin D. Engelbart helay natiijo la'aan. Waqtigan xaadirka ah in uu ogayn sida ay u saaray aragtida uu ka mouse iyo qalabka.

Sidee fikradda?

fikradaha aasaasiga ah on been abuurtay ugu horeysay ee ka dhacay si ay u D. Engelbart ee 1961, markii uu ahaa shir a on sawiro computer iyo aad uga fikiray dhibaatada sii kordheysa waxtarka Kombuyuutarada interactive. Waxaa dhacay kii iyadoo la isticmaalayo laba giraangiraha yar in guurto weheliyaan miiska korkiisa ah (wheel mid horizontal wareejiyo, iyo kuwa kale oo - vertical) computer helida isku-dar ah rogista iyo, siday u kala horreeyaan, inay u soo guuraan dulqabo miraayadda. Ilaa xad mabda'a of tallaabo la mid tahay planimeter - .. qalab A by injineerada iyo geographers loo isticmaalaa in lagu cabbiro masaafada on map ama sawir, iwm Markaas saynisyahan qoray fikrad this ee buugga loo isticmaalo dheeraad ah.

Tallaabada mustaqbalka

In ka badan hal sano ka dib, D. Engelbart deeq ka Institute helay inuu ku soo bilowdo initiative cilmi ay loo yaqaan "Horumarinta Mind Aadanaha." waxaa Under uu wakiil hab ay shaqaalaha aqoonta ka shaqeeya rugaha computer-waxqabadka sare leh qaab is-dhexgal, ay helaan macluumaad ballaaran meel online. waxaa la, ay u wada shaqayn karaan, xalinta dhibaatooyinka aad u muhiim ah. Laakiin nidaamka this waxaa dhibay ka dhiman casriga ah qalabka la gelin. Ka dib oo dhan, in ay si raaxo leh ula falgalaan walxaha shaashadda, aad u baahan tahay si ay u awoodaan in ay si deg deg ah iyaga doortaan. NASA noqday xiiso mashruuca iyo bixiyo deeq ah si loo hubiyo in mouse computer ayaa loogu talagalay. version hore ee qalabka tani la mid tahay casriga ah marka laga reebo size. In isku midka ah, koox cilmibaadhayaal ah oo la been abuurtay, iyo qalabka kale, taas oo loo ogol yahay in la xakameeyo dulqabo adiga oo riixaya baydalka cagta ah ama dhaqdhaqaaqa jilibka haysa gaar ah miiska hoostiisa. Been Kuwani aan ka badbaaday, laakiin joystick ah, Abuurtay waqti isku mid ah, waxaana markii dambe lagu soo hagaagtay oo wali la isticmaalo.

In 1965, kooxda reer D. Engelbart daabacay warbixinta kama dambeysta ah ee ay daraasad iyo qiimeynta waxtarka ah hababka kala duwan ee xulashada walxaha shaashadda. Waxaa jiray xitaa mutadawiciin ah kuwaas oo ka qayb-galay tijaabinta. Waxaa dhacay sidan oo kale: Barnaamijku wuxuu muujinaysaa walxaha in qaybaha kala duwan ee shaashadda oo iskaa wax u qabso isku dayay sidii click ka mid ah qalabka kala duwan sida ugu dhaqsaha badan. Sida laga soo xigtay natiijooyinka baaritaannada mouse computer ugu horeysay si cad uga sareynay oo dhan qalab kale oo ay ka mid ah sida qalabka caadiga ah ee cilmi baaris dheeraad ah.

Waxa ay u muuqatay sida mouse ugu horeysay computer?

Waxaa la sameeyey oo ah qoryo iyo jiray qalabka talooyinka ugu horeysay, taasoo la dhigayaa in gacanta user ee. Ogaanshaha mabda'a ay tallaabo, Horaan idiinku waa in aan la yaab, waxa ay u muuqatay mouse ugu horeysay computer. Under jidhka waxay ahaayeen laba cajaladood oo bir ah, wheel, circuit. Button ahaa mid keliya, oo silig ka yar gacanta aadanaha u tegey, oo haysta qalab ku. noocooda ayaa soo ururiyay mid ka mid ah xubnaha kooxda D. Engelbart, ku xigeenkiisa, William (Bill) Inglish. Markii hore, waxa uu ka shaqeeyay shaybaarka kale, laakiin ugu dhakhsaha badan soo biiray mashruuca si loo abuuro qalab aqbasho, ayaa horumariyaa oo la hirgaliyaa design of qalab cusub.

Garkooda iyo gariir jiirka, waxaad sawiri kartaa faa'iido ah khadadka siman oo toosan dhammaataan isku xigta.

In 1967, guryaha uu noqday caag ah.

Xaggee magaca?

Cadaato in mid ka mid ma xusuustaa kii ugu horeeyay ee loo yaqaan qalabka mouse this. Its tijaabiyey 5-6 qof, waxaa suurto gal ah in qaar ka mid ah ka dhawaajisay la mid ah. Gaar ahaan in mouse computer ugu horeysay adduunka ee ahaa silig-dabada ugu dambaysiiyey.

horumar dheeraad ah

Dabcan, prototypes waxay ahaayeen fog ka fiican.

In 1968 ee San Francisco shir computer ah D. Engelbart soo bandhigay sare mouse computer marka hore. Waxay lahaa saddex badhamada, marka lagu daro in ay qalab doukomplektovyvalas keyboard for gacanta bidix. Fikradda waa tan, Gacantaada midig ku mouse ka shaqeeya, xulashada iyo kaakicin walxaha. Oo tegey nolasha sababa amarrada la isticmaalayo keyboard yar shan furayaasha dheer sida biyaano ah. Markaasaa waxaa u caddaatay in silig gacanta operator ee wareersan marka la isticmaalayo qalabka, iyo in ay tahay in loo soo bandhigay dhinaca ka soo horjeeda. Dabcan, horgale ee gacanta bidix ee aan la qabtay, laakiin Douglas Engelbart waxa on kombiyuutarada ay isticmaali ilaa maalmaha ugu dambeeya.

Continued shaqada hagaajinta

kuwa kale ayaa gaartay marxaladaha ugu dambeeya ee masraxa horumarka mouse. xiiso leh intooda badan waa in D. Engelbart marnaba helin wax royalties ka been abuurtay. Tan iyo markii uu u xiranayo sida khabiir Institute Stanford, Institute of Law la odhan jiray u amro qalabka.

Sidaas daraaddeed, 1972, Bill English ayaa bedelay giraangirihiina on trackball ah, taas oo loo ogol yahay aqoonsado dhaqdhaqaaqa jiirka jiho kasta. Tan iyo markaas wuxuu ka soo shaqeeyay shirkad Xerox Parc, badeecadan cusub ayaa qayb ka mid ah heerarka nidaamka Xerox Alto horumarsan noqdo. Waxay ahayd a mini-computer la interface a garaafyada. Sidaa darteed, dad badan oo si qalad ah ay aaminsan yihiin in mouse ugu horeysay computer ayaa la Been abuurtay shirkada Xerox.

Marxaladda xigta ee horumarinta dhacay la mouse ee 1983, markii ay ciyaarta soo galay by Apple. Ganacsiga Stiv Dzhobs ayaa lagu qiyaasay kharashka wax soo saarka ballaaran ee qalabka, taas oo ahayd qiyaastii $ 300. Waxa ay ahayd mid aad u qaali ah ee macaamilka celcelis ahaan, sidaas darteed waxaa la go'aamiyay in loo fududeeyo design ee jiirka oo lagu badalo mid saddex badhamada. Qiimaha hoos $ 15. Oo in kastoo go'aanka ay wali loo arko muranka, Apple waa degdeg ugu jirin inay wax ka bedesho ay design mid taariikhi ah.

The mouse computer kowaad wuxuu ahaa qaab laydi ama afar gees ah, design fekrado jidh muuqday oo kaliya ee 1991. Waxaa soo saaray shirkadda Logitech. Waxa intaa dheer in cibaaro qaabka xiiso leh, waxay ahayd wireless: xidhiidhka la computer ah waxaa bixiya adeegsanayo hirarka raadiyaha.

The ugu horeysay mouse indhaha u muuqday in 1982. Waxay ahayd lagama maarmaan in ay ka shaqeeyaan derin gaar ah la Roobka daabacan. Oo in kastoo uu kubad ku trackball in ay si deg deg ah wax nijaas ah iyo sababta carqalad xaqiiqada ah in ay u lahaa in la joogto ah loo nadiifiyo, jiirka indhaha ganacsi ahaa wax tar lahayn ilaa 1998.

Maxaa ku xiga?

Sida aad ogtahay, "iibsatay lacagihii" la trackball la dhowaad ma isticmaalo. Technology, muuqaalka iyo ergonomics of jireen jiirarkii computer si joogto ah loo soo hagaagtay. Oo xataa maanta, marka iyo aad u badan oo caan ah waxaa jira qalabka la Touchscreens, iibka ma dhici.