Meeday rinjiyeynta ah "Mona Lisa" (La Gioconda)

History of rinjiyeynta ah "Mona Lisa" walaacsan ma qarni hal aadanaha. Leonardo da Vinci bilaabay shaqada uu masterpiece dhiman ah oo ku saabsan 1503. Farshaxankii rinji sawirka naagtii Fiorentine hodan magacaabay Francesco Giocondo. Gabar lagu magacaabo Mona Lisa. farshaxankiisa magaca Second - "La Gioconda" - sida ay dad ku dhow ballaaran. Horeba saffarro mahad sayidkiisa sawirka ee heerka ugu sareeya. caan Image ahaa sidaas u weyn in mustaqbalka uu qoraal ayaa halyeeyada qoraal ah oo u saaray weeraryahanka aragtiyaha kala duwan.

Sidee u egtahay

Waa maxay "Mona Lisa"? Description waxaa ka mid ah Abuuridda dhiman uu leeyahay cabbirada of 77 by saliidda Picture 53 cm qoran isiticmaalaa ka libneh .. Waxaa gaysteen oo qof dumar ah oo ku fadhiya kursi. Waxay ku taalaa dhul ah. In iyada sawirka of daawade ka barbaro muuqaalka - ay caadi ahayn, in kastoo ay si joogto ah dabagal ku fiiriyaan u fiirsasho leh in radiates sirdoonka iyo doonistiisa. Laakiin xujo ka sii weyn waa dhoola caansan dunida ee Mona Lisa. Waxay si dirqi ah la geran karo, iyo macnaha ay u muuqataa in la ka nin u muuqdo sawirka iska dhexdeeda Godoo kale. Waa elusiveness this ku darayaa in image ee wax abuurta u jecel yihiin inay eego galay mar kale iyo mar kale.

In dunida farshaxanka waxaa jira Wehbe aad u yar in la la "Mona Lisa" xoogga ah ee ra'yi dhiibashada ee shakhsiyadda aadanaha ee midnimada caqli iyo dabeecad maray marka la barbar dhigo karo. Meeday rinjiyeynta ah "Mona Lisa," ruux ee qarsoodiga iyo gool la'aanta. sawirka caanka ah ee da Vinci waa ka dhan image kale imprinted muddada Quattrocento ee caqliga aan caadi ahayn lagu eedeeyay kala duwan.

From the "Mona Lisa" yimaado dareen xoog, taas oo ah isku darka ah organic ah ee dareenka xoriyadda shaqsiga ah iyo anshaxa gudaha. naag dhoola gudaheedana sinaba uma ay siinaysaa dayacaad ama Fadilmo. Waxaa la arko natiijada dhamaystiran is-xakamaynta iyo is dajiyaan isku-kalsoonaanta.

warkiisii Adduunka

"Mona Lisa" (asalka) noqon lahaa muddo dheer la yaqaan oo kaliya in ay casri ah iyo connoisseur farshaxanka wanaagsan, haddii aysan ayaa ka dhacay mid ka mid ah sheeko la yaab leh, kaas oo keenay dunida caan ah web caan ah.

Laga soo bilaabo bilowgii masterpiece qarnigii XVI ka badbaadiyay in ururinta reer boqor. Halkan, wuxuu ahaa sabab u Francis Waxaan, kuwaas oo iibsaday dhimashada Leonardo ka dib. In 1793, image la geeyaa Louvre ah. Dadka intooda badan la ogaado matxafka sida meel rinjiyeynta ah "Mona Lisa". Laakiin su'aasha haatan ma aha oo ku saabsan in.

Sayidka, ee "Mona Lisa" ahaa masterpiece ah muhiimadda qaran oo had iyo jeer kaliya ee Louvre ah. In 1911 (21-kii August) at museum Vincenzo Perugia ah, Master of muraayadaha ka Italy xaday sawirka ah. Dhab ahaantii ninna oo ma u maareeyaan si aad u ogaato ujeedada dhabta ah ee dambiga ka go'an. Waxaa laga yaabaa in Vincenzo loogu tala galay inuu ku soo laabto rinjiyeynta si ay dalkiisa taariikhi ah. laba sano ka dib markii Italy, rinjiyeynta waxaa laga helay. Ogaado image qudhiisu ka caawiyay Perugia, waxa uu ku jawaabay in ad wargeyska, oo go'aansaday inay iska iibiso "Mona Lisa." Bilowga January 1914, "Mona Lisa" in Louvre ku soo laabtay.

qofka qarsoodiga

Way adag tahay in la garto gabadha ka muujinayaa on shiraac ah. Munaasabaddan, waxaa lagu soo bandhigay mala badan oo muran. Cilmi raacsanayn. Dhaggan aragtiyaha kala duwan la Yimaadeen soo socda ee ku saabsan aqoonsiga Mona Lisa, qaar ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah waxay aaminsan yihiin in ay tahay Isabella of Este. Shirka labaad ee - in sawirka nin dhallinyaro ah oo ahaa dhar dumar ee. Qaar kale ayaa leexdeen inay xaqiiqda ah in ay tahay naagtii sharaf leh Fiorentine del Giocondo. Waxay sidoo kale sheegeen in ay tahay caadiga ah gabar fiican, ama adiga kuu gaar ah is-sawirka ee da Vinci.

qarsoodiga ah "Mona Lisa" Weli lama garanayo maanta. In 1517, sayidkii weyn booqday Cardinal Louis ee Aragon. Xoghayaha Monsignor ayaa kulanka ku tilmaamay. Waxa uu ku qoray in Leonardo da Vinci, Louis tusay seddex ka mid ah farshaxankiisa. On mid ka mid ahaa sawir ah marwada Fiorentine, kaas oo la dabiiciga ah ee codsiga of Dzhuliano Medichi qoran. In labaad ka muujinayaa wejiga ka mid ah dhallinyaro Ioanna Krestitelya. rinjiyeynta saddexaad jeestay sawirka of St. Anne iyo Maryan Ciise la dhashay.

taariikhyahanadu Qaar baa ku doodi in ay ahayd ka Fiorentine marwada Mona Lisa. Laakiin waxaa laga yaabaa in ay ahayd iyo sida sawirka kasta oo kale, taas oo ah ma jiraan nuqulo ka tegey, oo aan caddayn, xitaa waxaa ka mid ah. Sidaa darteed, Medici ah muu haysan karin wax ay sameeyaan la "Mona Lisa."

Raadi sawir

Meeday rinjiyeynta ah "Mona Lisa" waxaa loo yaqaan in ay deggan oo dhan dhulkeenna. Waxay dhawrayay Louvre ah. Mid kasta oo ka tilmaamo matxafka si hufan u keenaysaa in track this. TV-Japanese gurigii boqornimada ee iibsaday sawirka qolka oo dhan. Oo sanamkii laftiisa daboolay hubkiisa u qaro weyn. in sawirka Next had iyo jeer waa labo ka mid ah ilaaladiisa, halkan gobays xad-dhaaf ah kooxda martida ah. "Mona Lisa" waxaad ka arki kartaa oo kaliya in Louvre ah, oo meel kale. In dhexe ee masterpiece ee la soo dhaafay qarnigii laba jeer laga soo saaray matxafka, laakiin maamulka hay'adda ayaa go'aansaday in ay marnaba qaado "Mona Lisa" ka baxsan. qayb ka mid ah ka Louvre, oo la yidhaahdo Denon (Denon), hall toddobaad ee rinjiyeynta ee Italy, ku faani kartaa in uu derbiga ku lulataa wajiga oo ka mid ah haweenka ugu caansan taariikhda fanka.

Midabo iyo Hooskooda

Seynisyahanno adduunka oo dhan aadan aamusiin karin hoos, isku dayayaan inay daaha ka rogaan qarsoon ee sawirka ka "Mona Lisa" (matxafka, halkaas oo ay tahay, sare). Dhowr sano ka hor, waxay billaabeen inay si isticmaalka of X-rays, si ay u fahmaan sida sayidkii abuuro hoosku uu shiraac. Filipp Uolter iyo asxaabta bartay toddoba farshaxankiisa by da Vinci, ka mid ah taas oo ahayd "La Gioconda". X-rays siiyaan fursad in la baaro sida sawirka ka, iyada oo aan waxyeelo u layers rinjiga.

Daraasado ayaa lagu ogaaday in Leonardo ahaa caanka ah ee farsamo uu maalin ee "sfumato". Waxa ay taasi suurto gal ah in la simi gudubka midabka ama midabo on shiraac ah.

The daahfurka ee ugu yaabka badnaa Walter ahaa in sawirka ma arki kartaa far hal, ama marisaa faraha. Wax kasta waxaa loo sameeyaa ilaa xad si fudud oo sidaas daraaddeed darsaan "Mona Lisa" waa cajiib adag.

Seynisyahanno ku ogaaday in Leonardo hantiyeen awood u leh inay dalban layers ah, oo dhumucdiisuna waxay ka ah taas oo ahayd garoonka kaliya labo micrometer oo dhumucdiisuna waxay guud ahaan ma ahaa in ka badan 30-40 microns.

masterpiece An qiimo

Intee in le'eg oo hadda waa! "Mona Lisa"? Its qiimaha aan la go'aamiyey in raso. Laakiin halyeeyga "La Gioconda" galeen sida shiraaq ee Guinness Book of Records, caymis xaddiga ugu sarreeya. In 1962, waxaa lacag dhan boqol milyan oo doolar. Laakiin maanta Louvre ku kharash gareeyaa lacag ma on caymiska, laakiin on waardiyayaasha. Qaadashada account sicir bararka ka dhacay sanadkii 2006 galay, qadarka this ahaa siman waxay leeyihiin lahaa in 670 milyan oo doolar. Sayidka, image ee Mona Lisa waa sida sawirka ka mid ah kuwa ugu qaalisan ee dunida.

qarsoodiga A

"Mona Lisa" waa farabadan of su'aalo. Mid ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah - waa maxay sababta dumarka waa sunnayaasha maqan. dhamaadka XV ah - bilowgii qarnigii soo socda, oo loo yaqaan waayo, xaalka markaas ahaa sunnayaasha la wada saaro. Sidaas darteed, waxaannu ku tirinnaa karaa in gabadha lagu sawiray on shiraac ah, waxaana ku xiga oo dhan isbedelka qaabka, iyo sababta oo ah iyada sunnayaasha rifay. Laakiin injineer ka France ee Pascal Ivory sheegayaa in suunniyadaba weli ahaayeen.

Isticmaalka scanner ultramodern, cilmi dhigay nuqul ka mid ah farshaxankiisa, taas oo muujisay raad suunniyadaba. Pascal hubiyo in stroke, kuwaas oo markii hore, laakiin ka dib tirtirayaa.

Sababaha this noqon kara ujeedka haday ku dadaalaya in nafo la masterpiece ah. Waayo, shan qarniyo, shiraac ah waxaa inta badan la nadiifiyo, iyo sababta oo ah xubno ka yar in si fudud waxaa laga tirtiri kari lahaa.

isku day lagu guulaysan ee dib u soo celinta "Mona Lisa" waxaa kaloo loo yaqaan Kote sida a "khasaare" of sunnayaasha. Laakiin ma cadda sida ay isku wada mid ay baaba'aan yaabaa gebi ahaanba.

Ugu yaraan hal il

Meeday rinjiyeynta ah "Mona Lisa" ayaa durbadiiba bilaabay in ay akhristaha. Iyo, malaha, qof walba ayaa doonaya inuu ugu yaraan hal mar in uu naftiisa, meel fog ka, laakiin si ay u arkaan asalka ah, oo dunida ka guulaystay. sawirka Tani heysta qarsoon iyo xujooyinka badan, waxaa suurtogal aheyn in aan isku day si ay u xalliyaan ugu yaraan mid ka mid ah waa. Laakiin ma ahan suurto gal ah in qof kasta. Dhamaan iyaga ka mid ah waxaa lagu yaqaan oo kaliya in ay Leonardo, kaasoo iyaga ku qaadeen isaga oo leh, ka tago jiilalka mustaqbalka halxidho iyo masterpiece dhiman qiimo.