Kiristaalo dareere

Kiristaalo Liquid - kuwan walxaha oo ku yaal mesomorphic (celcelis ahaan, dhexe) u dhexeeya dareere ah isotropic iyo crystalline adag. walxahaasi ay awoodaan in ay soo qulquli, waxay noqon kartaa foomka of dhibco. Wada jir ah ula muujinta guryaha, ka kiristaalo dareere muujiyaan anisotropic magnetic, korontada, indhaha, iyo kuwa kale ee guryaha la xiriira dalbashada kelli in orientation. In si kale loo dhigo, walxaha leedahay sifooyinka multidirectional. Maqnaanshaha kiristaalo dareere saamayn anisotropic dibadda ee conductivity kaamerada, conductivity korontada, nuglaato magnetic, iyo joogto ah dielectric. walxaha The calaamadeeyay dichroism iyo birefringence.

Iyadoo ku xiran helitaanka kala saaro kiristaalo dareere lyotropic iyo thermotropic. Waxa kale oo jira kala nooc ee waraaqaha la qaab-dhismeedka taagoo ah.

Kiristaalo Liquid Smectic

First iyaga helay saabuun ah (Halkan magaca - "smegma" - saabuun). The daraf oo u taagoo sida go'an in faasas ay gaadhya diyaaradaha dadab. kiristaalo dareere Smectic waxaa lagu gartaa dhisme oo israac raacsan. Waxyaabahani waxaa ka mid ah xal aqueous of saabuunta, azoksibenzoynoy Ester ethyl.

"Class Smectics 'tixgeliyo ugu ballaaran ee kiristaalo dareere ah. Soo xulay kala duwan oo soo bandhigo ferroelectric (jiritaanka kala fogaansho ah lama filaanka ah ee kala duwan heerkulka gaar ah). nafwaayay High lama oggola in la helo isticmaalka baahsan ee kiristaalo dareere smectic ee farshaxanka.

kinematics

kiristaalo dareere Nematic yihiin hanuuninta kala duwan oo ka mid ah faasas gaadhya kelli ah jihada qaar ka mid ah. In si kale loo dhigo, waxay waxaa lagu gartaa long-range si orientational. Name crystal ka timaada qeexida erayga Giriigga ah ee "carrab la '" - thread. Disinclinations (filaments) waxay leeyihiin dhaqdhaqaaqa sare iftiinka dabiiciga ah, ay yihiin si cad u arki karo.

kiristaalo dareere Cholesteric iyo isticmaalkooda

Foomka kelli walxaha noocan ah waxaa loo qabanqaabiyaa saxan elongate isku midka ah. Cholesterics siin holesteriltsinnamat kolestaroolka ether propyl, taagayo kale kolestaroolka.

Thermoindicators kiristaalo dareere cholesteric hubkaas ayaa loo isticmaalaa in dianostike caafimaad iyo mid farsamo. dareen The qalabkan si heer kulka ah ogolaanaya muuqaalaynta of qaybinta heerkulka dushiisa ah. Tani, markeeda, waxaa loo isticmaalaa in imaging (geedi socodka dhawrid jidhka, optically Doolaal gudahood), ogaanshaha cudurrada qaarkood, sidoo kale dareemayaal heerkulka. kiristaalo Kuwaas waxaa la aasaasay hannaanka heerkulka qaab shaxda midabka ah. Cholesterics sidoo kale lagu saleyn karaa marka haya'ad beeraha microwave ah. Tilmaamayaashu waxa loo isticmaalo wax soo saarka ee firfircoon saamayn jejebinta iftiinka. In bandhigay crystal dareere ah waxaa loo isticmaalaa iftiinka daarmayaay'e. Tani waxay si weyn hoos ugu dhigi kartaa isticmaalka awoodda. Sayidka, LCDs awood yihiin wax badan ka hooseeya ee phosphors filimada iyo budada dioska-, qaab dheecaan gaaska. Cholesterics loo isticmaalo in isbeddel ku salaysan image ah infrared galay muuqda a.

The crystal dareere cholesteric (duwan nematic) jejebinta iftiin Dynamic laga yaabaa in xasuusta - state, iftiinka jejebinta laga yaabaa adkaystaan xataa ka dib saarista duurka. Xaaladdan oo kale, hantida qaar ee cholesteric saameyn ku leh mudada gobolka. Sayidka, xusuusta badbaadi karaa dhowr daqiiqo illaa dhowr sano. In natiijada gobolka ee bilowga ah (non-jejebinta) ee danab a talantaalli cholesteric. hantida sheegay in loo isticmaalaa in formation of unugyada xusuusta.