Hypothalamic-pituitary nidaamka

nidaamka Hypothalamo-pituitary waa pituitary morphofunctional ururka dhismaha (habka of xuubka hoose ee maskaxda) iyo hypothalamus (card in diencephalon ah) in ay ku lug sharciyeynta hawlaha autonomic ee jirka ugu weyn.

Soo saaray waaxda diencephalon hormoonnada leeyihiin saamayn toos ah inhibitory ama madadaalo ah oo ku saabsan dheecaan ah ee hormoonnada xuubka hoose cerebral. Xaaladdan oo kale nidaamka hypothalamo-pituitary iyo waxa uu leeyahay shaqo-celin ah. Waxaa loogu tala galay xeerka of dheecaan hormone iyo Avv (by sii kordhaya wax soo saarka ee hormoonnada ah ee qanjidhada hormoonada jidhka waa la dhimay dheecaan hormoonnada ee diencephalon waaxda a). Hypothalamic-pituitary-celinta baaritaanka nidaamka, waxay ka caawisaa si ay u ilaaliyaan niyo Adag ee jirka.

Gipofizotropnye hormoonnada card diencephalon qaybsan liberiny (xoojinta) oo ah statin (Fariin) ee wax soo saarka ka soo jeedaan ee hormoonnada tropic. The qaybta jiilka dhexe waxaa la sameeyaa neuropeptides maskaxda (nooc ka mid ah u taagoo protein).

In hormoonnada ugu hypothalamus hypophysis madadaalo u saamayn, sida ka soo horjeeda prolactin ah - dheecaan ka yar yahay tonic hypothalamus saamayn inhibitory.

Hadii uu burburku (transection ugu hooseeya) ee xuubka stem maskaxda hoose conserved dheecaan of oxytocin iyo Horomonka Axon ee adaa dhexfurka. Sidaas darteed, waxa aanu u horumariyaan Insipidus diabetes. Ka kaxaynta hypothalamus ama transection sare lugaha kobciyaa oxytocin khasaaraha soo saarka, Horomonka, oo dhan laakiin hormoonka prolactin in qanjirka pituitary ee.

Sayidka, hawlaha nidaamka hypothalamic-pituitary ee.

Physiology qabanayaa xiriirka xaqiijinta marinnada portal in adenohypophysis ah. permeability derbiga Vascular kala duwan ee borotiinada waaweyn. Kooxaha xulay nuclei gacanta loo sameeyay in hypothalamus ah. ka mid ah 32-labo. Waxay ka qayb xeerka oo ka mid ah hawlaha ugu muhiimsan ee jirka. In deegaanka this urursan xarumaha sare oo ka mid ah kooxihii u dabacsanaadaan iyo parasympathetic nidaamka autonomic dareemayaasha ee. Sayidka, xeerka cadaadiska dhiigga waa la fuliyay, kulaylka, hurdo, wax soo saarka kulaylka, rabitaanka cuntada oo luma, iyo permeability kale vascular.

Hypothalamic-pituitary nidaamka waa qayb ma aha oo kaliya in dayactirka niyo Adag ee deegaanka gudaha of nin. Waxa kale oo ay bixisaa bil kasta, maalin kasta, xilliyada, iyo kuwa kale ee isbedbedelka jiibta hormoon.

HPA dhidibka (dhidibka hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal) waa inay awoodaan inay leeyihiin saamayn inhibitory weyn ku shaqaynaya nidaamka taranka dheddiga ah heerar kala duwan. Soo saaray sarkhaansan CRH (KTRG - hormone corticotropin-daayo) peptides proopiomelanocortin tijaabiso saamayn inhibitory on saarka ee hypothalamic hormone gonadotropin-sii daayo. Glucocorticoids la xakameeyo soo saarka ee LH (farabadan) pituitary iyo progesterone iyo estrogen ee ugxan, dareenka hoose ee unugyada kala duwan si ay estradiol.

Sidaas darteed, doorka muhiimka ah ee dhidibka HPA la go'aamiyo marka la xirrira amenorrhea walwalka (la'aanta caadada lagu jiro in ka badan 6 bilood), "hypothalamic". Oo ay la socoto this, waxaa jira saamayn stimulatory toos ah horumariyaha hiddo estrogen (horaysa isku xigxiga ee nucleotides), kaas oo masuul ka ah KTRG ereygu iyo dhismayaasha noradrenergic in habdhiska dhimirka. Tani waxay fasireysaa joogitaanka hypercortisolism khafiif ah (kordhay kiliyaha adrenal shaqeynta), welwel, xanuunada niyadda, isbeddelo ah niyadda, xanuunada rabitaanka cuntada iyo calaamado kale.