History of abuurka ah ee "Eugene Onegin" falanqaynta wax soo saarka,

History of abuurka ah ee "Eugene Onegin" - "Midhaha maanka iyo qalbiga qabow logu ogeysiis murugo" - fiican Ruush classic Aleksandrom Sergeevichem Pushkinym ma u eg blitzkrieg ah. Farshaxanka abuuray Abwaan ah evolutionary, sixitaanka ay soo bixitaanka jidka xaqiiqo. novel A ee aayadda dhacdo farshaxanka waa arrin gaar ah. Ka hor inta in, suugaanta dunidana waxaa ku qoran nooca la mid ah, kaliya hal analoogga - shaqo ka taataabtay ee George Gordon Byron ee "Don Juan".

Qoraagu wuxuu go'aansaday in ay maskaxda

Pushkin tegey England weyn - xaqiiqo. Wakhtigan, Abwaan ayaa gool - si ay u muujiyaan in qofku uma shaqayn karo sidii qaar kaaliya u tahay horumarka dheeraad ah Russia. Alexander, wadaagaya fikradaha Decembrists ah, ogaaday in dal weyn in loo raro sida tareenka ah, iyadoo jidka dhintay-dhamaadka ah taas oo horseeday bulshada oo dhan in ay dhibaato systemic.

History of abuurka ah ee "Eugene Onegin" waxaa lagu qeexaa Titanic shaqo ku ladhan in muddada u dhaxaysa May 1823 si ay u September 1830 reinterpretation hal abuur leh ee xaqiiqada dhabta ah ee Ruush ah ee saddexdii bilood ee hore ee qarnigii XIX ah. novel ee aayadda dhacaya oo dhan afarta heerarka kala duwan ee hal-abuurka Alexander Pushkin: links koonfurta (. 1820 - 1824 GG), Ahaanshaha "non-maroorsi tago Mikhailovskoye xaafadda" (1824 - 1826 GG.), muddo ka dib link -, (1826 1830 GG.) boldins (1830)

AS Pushkin ee "Eugene Onegin": taariikhda abuurka

Young Pushkin, graduate ah Selo Tsarskoye ku Lyceum, in erayada Emperor Alexander I, «Russia waxaa daadadku la gabayo foosha xun", ayuu bilaabay qoraal uu novel halka jooga ee Hijrooday ee howsha garsooranimo (in shafeeca ah ee saaxiibada galbinayay in Siberia mahad ayaa fogaadaa). Waqtigaa waxa uu ahaa sanamkii waxay u ah dhalinyarada waxbaratay Ruush.

Sidaa darteed, waxaan ku dadaalaan si ay u abuuraan image ah ee geesiga ah ee uu waqtiga. In uu shaqo, xanuujin jawaab su'aasha ah waa maxay ahaan side ee fikradaha cusub, iyo Abuuraha reer Russia cusub wuxuu doonayaa.

Xaaladda dhaqan-dhaqaale ee dalka

Ka fikir deegaanka bulshada taas oo sheeko la abuuray. Russia ku guuleystay in 1812 oo dagaal u. Tani waxay dar dar geliyay weyn u doonaya dadweynaha xoraynta ka silsilado dhulgoosadka. First of dadkii oo dhan u xiisooday la baabiiyo of serfdom. Ma uu xoreynta ciday qariyo xaddidaadda ah awoodaha Boqortooyada. Waxa asaasay isla markiiba ka dib markii dagaalka, bulshada ilaalada saraakiil 1816 ee St. Petersburg koobnaan Decembrist "Midowga of Salvation." abaabulay ah "Midowga Welfare" ee 1818 ee Moscow. Decembrists, ururadan ayaa si firfircoon uga qayb qaatay formation of opinion a deeqsi ah dadweynaha, iyo sugayay joogo waqtiga saxda ah inqilaab. Ka mid ah Decembrists waxay ahaayeen saaxiibo badan Pushkin ee. Waxa uu la wadaago aragtidooda.

Russia ayaa horay u noqdaan wadan la aqoonsan yahay yurub dadka ka mid ah oo ku saabsan 40 milyan oo qof oo u gudahood bisil caleemaha of shuuciyad gobolka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ay nolosha dhaqaale ayaa weli ka go'an horreeya oo feudalism, landowning laandheere iyo fasalka kula baayacmushtari jirtay. Kuwani kooxaha bulshada, si tartiib ah miisaanka dadweynaha, weli awood badan oo loo isticmaalo in ay saameyn ku Nolosha gobolka, kordhin xiriirka dhulgoosadka dalka. Waxay ahaayeen kooxda heysata horyaalka ee bulshada ka dhisay on mabaadi'da sharaf soo jireenka ah ee Russia qarnigii XVIII Catherine ee huriye.

Waxaa jiray muuqaalada caan ku ah bulshada iyo dhibaatooyinka dhaqaale ee bulshada oo dhan. Dalku wuxuu hoy u tahay dad si fiican u aqoon badan oo fahamsanahay in danaha horumarinta u baahan yihiin isbedel weyn iyo dib u habaynta. History of abuurka ah ee "Eugene Onegin" ayuu ku bilaabay jeedasho shakhsi ku wareegsan Abwaan, in erayada Aleksandra Nikolaevicha Ostrovskogo, "boqortooyada madow"

Kaas oo u kacay ka dib markii dardargelinta xoog leh la siiyo by Peter aan, iyo waayaha firfircoonida iyo inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Empress Catherine II, Russia ee bilowgii qarnigii XIX hoos u dhac Xawliga ah ee horumarinta. Waqtiga qoraal, sheeko caan ah Pushkin ee dalka aan weli xadiidka ahaa, xitaa on Wabiyaal ay ma sabeyn gacmaha iyo cagaha maraakiibta, kumanaan iyo kumanaan kun oo qof ay u shaqeeya oo tayo leh la xidhxidhay silsilado of serfdom.

Taariikhda "Evgeniya Onegina" waxa kala saari Karin xidhiidh ula taariikhda Russia qarnigii XIX hore.

Stanza Onegin

Iyada oo fiiro gaar ah Alexander, "Ruush Mozart gabayada", jawaab hawshiisu ahayd. Waxa uu horumariyo taxane ah oo cusub aayaddan si gaar ah loogu talagalay qoraal sheeko ah oo ku jirta aayadda.

Sidaa darteed, erayada qulqulaan sida durdur ma aha lacag la'aan ah, oo habaysan. Kasta oo afar iyo toban saf Iambic Tetrameter ku xiran gaar ahaan aayadda Onegin. In this si joogto ah isku jiib ah oo dhan novel ah, oo waa sida soo socota: CCddEffEgg (meesha xarfaha wakiil dhammaato dhedig iyo kuwa yaryarba ah - lab).

Waxaa sugan in, taariikhda "Eugene Onegin" sheeko - waa sheeko abuurniinta of Stanza Onegin ah. Waa by kala duwan aayaadka qoraaga ku guulaysto oo uu shaqo u abuuraan analoogga ah qaybaha tiraab iyo cutubyada boodi ka in midkiinba midka kale, beddelo qaabka bandhigga fikirrada horumarinta firfircoon ee dhagarta. Sayidka, qoraaga abuuraa dareen ah hadalka dabacsan aad akhristaha.

Roman - "a collection of cutubyada jaho kale"

Maxaa kaxeeya dadka in ay qoraan shuqullada markuu qarnigiisa iyo dhulkii uu ku dhashay ee? Maxaad marka la siiyo shaqo this si buuxda, ka shaqeeya sidii hantiyeen?

Taariikhda oo ka mid ah "Eugene Onegin" novel markii hore u jideeyey, qoraaga, si ay u abuuraan sheeko ah ee aayadda, oo ka kooban 9 cutub oo kala duwan. on shuqullada khubaro Alexander Sergeyevich u wac "waqti furan" sabab u ah xaqiiqada ah in mid kasta oo ka mid ah madaxa - madax-bannaan, oo laga yaabaa, ay macquulka ah gudaha si ay u dhamaystiraan shaqada, inkastoo la sii cutubka xiga. Uu casriga ah - suugaanta Ruush Professor Nikolay Ivanovich Nadezhdin - sharaxaad heer sare ah la siiyey "Evgeniya Onegina" ma aha sida wax soo saarka leh qaab adag macquul ah, laakiin, sida qaar ka mid ah gabayo buugga buuxiyey toos tayo qaansoroobaad iridescent dhalaalaya.

About cutubyada of novel ah

Cutubyada ee "Eugene Onegin" daabacay ka 1825 si ay u 1832. sida ay qorey oo soo daabacay in anthologies suugaanta iyo majaladaha. Waxay sugayeen, mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid noqdo dhacdo dhab ah in hiddaha nololeed ee Russia.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, mid ka mid ah ka go'an in ay safarka ah ninkii u dejinta ciidamada dhow deked yar Odessa ku jirto xukunka muhiim ah, qoraaga Caayan doortay in ay ka baxaan si ay u badbaadaan aarsasho Naftooda ka dibna la wada baabbi'iyey ay qoraal gacmeedka oo kaliya.

Just shaqo buuxda u siin, ka dib shaqeeyeen uu "Doctor Zhivago" Boris Leonidovich Pasternak, sidoo kale qoray of Daa'uud markuu qarnigiisa Mihail Aleksandrovich Sholohov. Pushkin qudhiisa u yeedhay ka badan toddoba sano oo shaqo ah oo ku saabsan sheeko this ee feat aayadda.

furmi

Description Evgeniya Onegina, sida ay suugaanta, xusuusinayaa qof ee Peter Yakovlevich Chaadaev - author of "falsafada Waraaqaha". Tani waa dabeecad tamarta awood leh, kaas oo la dhigay hareeraha dhagarta novel iyo jilayaasha kale ee naftooda u muujiyo. Pushkin qoreen wax isaga ku saabsan sida a "saaxiib wanaagsan." Eugene helo waxbarasho heer sare ah ee ku abtirsan ah, gebi ahaanba ka maran "Ruush-raag." Oo in kastoo waa u qaxmayaa fiiqan, laakiin maan qabow, isagu waa iftiin nin socda fikrado gaar ah iyo nacaybka. Nolosha Evgeniya Onegina yar. Dhinaca mid, waa shisheeye u dhaqan dunida, ayuu soo maratay iyaga naqdiyay, oo dhinaca kale ah - waa ka dambeeyaan saamaynta ay. geesiga ma la odhan karaa waa firfircoon ah, halkii uu yahay observer xariif ah.

Waxaa qoreysa image ee Onegin

Uu image - naxdin leh. First, ma taagnaan kari waayeen imtixaanka jacaylka. Eugene dhegaystay sababta, laakiin aan qalbigiisa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, isagu ma uu si sharaf leh, si xushmad leh gudbiyo Tatiana ah, iyada la siiyo si ay u fahmaan in uusan ku dhici kartaa in jacaylka.

Second, ma taagnaan kari waayeen imtixaanka ee saaxiibtinimo. Xafiiltanka uu saaxiib, wiil 18-sano jir ah ka taataabtay Lensky, ayuu ku dhexwareeri socota fikradaha iftiinka. Waxa uu u muuqdaa ma ka cadhaysiiyaan hufan jir zloyazychie duelist naaneys Zaretsky badan u joojiyaan muran gebi doqon la Vladimir. By habka, culimada Pushkin, saynisyahano rumaysan dhallinyarada Kuchelbecker noocooda Lena.

Tatiana Larina

Isticmaalka magaca Tatiana in novel Eugene Onegin ahaa ogaada-sida ka Pushkin. Indeed, ee bilowgii qarnigii XIX ah, magacan waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay suuqnimo iyo tacaluqda. Waxaa intaa dheer, mugdiga-lehba iyo casaan, maskax leh, aan lala hadlo, ma aysan dunida ka mid ah hadafyada quruxda haboon. Tatiana (sida qoraaga of novel ah) jeclaaday warkii qoom, taas oo ay si deeqsinimo leh u sheegay kalkaalisada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyada hamiday gaar ah ayaa la akhriska buugaagta.

characters novel ee

ka goob-ah jilayaasha ugu waaweyn ee kor ku xusan si akhristaha reebo waa sare. novel sawiradaan "Eugene Onegin" ma sameeyaan shirqool, laakiin waxaa la dhamaystiro. Tani Tatiana walaashiis Olga, marwada socialite madhan, kaas oo ahaa in jacayl Vladimir Lensky. image ee kalkaalisada Tatiana ah, khabiir ku ah warkii qoom, ayaa noocooda Cad - kalkaalisada of Alexander Sergeyevich, Arina Rodionovna. geesiga kale ceebaalowyo ee sheeko waa hodannimo a Tatyanoy Larinoy ka dib markii xurguftii la ninkeeda Evgeniem Oneginym - "major-guud".

Marti mulkiilayaasha haddii laga keeno galay Roman Pushkina of Classics kale Ruush. Skotinin Tani ( "Oaf" Fonvizin), iyo kuwa ilaaq ( "deriska khatar ah" V. L. Pushkina).

Qoomkii

ammaantaada ugu sarreeya ee Alexander Pushkin ahaa qiimeynta la siiyo by cutubka ugu horreeya ee "Evgeniya Onegina" by nin, oo Abwaan tixgeliyo macallinkiisa - Vasiliem Andreevichem Zhukovskim. Opinion ahaa mid aad u rayadka: "Waxaad - the first on Parnassus Ruush ah ..."

novel Encyclopedic aayadda sax loo soo bandhigi xaqiiqada dhabta ah ee Ruush ah ee bilowgii qarnigii XIX ah, ayaa muujisay hab nololeed, sifooyinka, kaalinta bulshada ee qaybaha kala duwan ee bulshada: St.-Petersburg bulshada sare, abtirsan Moscow ee, dadka dhulka leh, dadka dhulka leh iyo yaroow. Waxaa laga yaabaa sidaa darteed, laakiin sidoo kale sababta oo ah Pushkin ku soo bandhigay loo dhan yahay iyo khafiifka ah ee uu shaqada, qiyamka, caadooyinka, akhlaaqda, hababka in waqti naqdiya suugaanta Vissarion Belinsky isaga siiyey sida sharaxaad dhamaystiran of 'shaqo ee aadka loo jecel yahay "iyo" Ruush Encyclopedia of Life. "

Pushkin doonayay in la beddelo sawirka

History of abuurka ah ee "Eugene Onegin" - waa horumar ah ee Abwaan dhallinyarada, kuwaas oo qaatay 23 sano oo shaqada caalamiga ah. Oo haddii tiraab caleemaha sida horay u ahaayeen (xusuuso buugga daahsoon daabacay Aleksandra Radischeva "Journey ka St. Petersburg in Moscow"), xaqiiqo ah in gabayada mar ahaa hal-abuurnimo ah oo muuqda.

Qorshaha ayaa waxaa final xagga shuqullada, waxaa la sameeyay oo kaliya by author ee 1830. Wuxuu ahaa sirgaxan iyo sicir-. Si aad u dareento dhaqanka adag in abuurkiisa, Alexander go'aansaday in ay u diraan ama Evgeniya Onegina si ay ula dagaalamaan in Caucasus, ama in la leexdo xagga Decembrists ah. Laakiin Eugene Onegin - geesiga ah sheeko ee aayadda - abuuray by Pushkin in mid ka mid ah waxyi, sida "collection ah cutubyada jaho kale", oo tanuna waa jiidashada.

gunaanad

"Eugene Onegin" waa wax soo saarka ee ugu horeysay ee taariikhda ee sheeko macquul Ruush aayaddan. Waa calaamad ah qarnigii XIX ah. sheeko ayaa loo aqoonsaday by bulshada sida weyn loo jecel yahay. description Encyclopedic reerka ku xiga Ruush dhexdeeda artistry sare.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sida laga soo xigtay dadka dhaleeceeya, dabeecada ugu muhiimsan ee sheeko this weli ma aha Onegin, iyo qoraaga of shaqada. qof Tani ma laha qaab la hubo. Noocan ah kaalinta indha la 'akhristaha.

Alexander shaqeeya tilmaamo text at link a ah, oo wuxuu ku yidhi in ay "geystaa Waqooyiga", iwm Pushkin waa muuqan joogo howlaha oo dhan, koobayaa qosli akhristaha, animates sheekada. xigasho lagu garaaco dhidibkii ah ee madaxa.

Masiirka Faray Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin dib edition labaad ka buuxa uu novel ee aayadda ee 1937 (marka hore waxay ahayd in 1833), hore u soo boodo ku dhaawacmeen River Madow oo ku dhow beerta Taliyaha ayaa. Wareegga dhiigga 5000 nuqul qorsheeyay inay iska iibiso sannadka oo dhan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, akhristayaasha ku iibsaday muddo wiig ah. In Classics mustaqbalka suugaanta Ruush, mid ka mid ah waxa uu waqti, sii search hal abuur of Alexander. Dhamaan iyaga ka mid ah ay isku dayayaan in ay abuuraan geesi ah oo uu waqti. Iyo Mikhail Lermontov in image ka Grigoriya Aleksandrovicha Pechorina ( "Hero of Our Time"), iyo Ivan Goncharov in image ee ili Oblomova ...