Gaysashada geedo waaweyn oo midho. Talooyin beeralayda

Waxaa ka gaysashada yeedhay mid ka mid ah hannaanka ka mid ah siyaabaha faafin of geedo midho leh. Medier ka gaysashada - waa farsamo fudud in xariif ninkii beerta kasta, geedo waaweyn oo midho obzavedshiysya.

gaysashada maxaad la sameeyaa

- Nidaamka waa la fuliyay ay ka maqan yihiin noocyo dhirta ganacsi la doonayo.

- gaysashada geedo waaweyn oo midho kordhin kartaa noocyo Grafting hardiness jiilaalka.

- gaysashada waxay fursad si uu u bedelo kala duwan beerta geedaha la qiimo yar ama wildings on wanaagsan. Ama badbaadin brand uu jecel yahay.

- Kuu ogolaanayaa inaad si loo yareeyo waqtiga sugitaanka goynta tan xigta. Grafting in geedaha baaluq ama seddex sanno ah geedo kuu ogolaanaya in aad ku raaxaysan beergooyska ee dhawr sano. Iyada oo ku koray ka soo abuur ama miro lafta geedaha aan ka horeyn 5-6 sano.

- noocyo kala duwan oo meeshoodii ka mid ah geed ballaadhiyaan tirada dalagga miro iyo badbaadiyay meel on goobta.

- gaysashada kaaga caawiyaan in aad la doonayo, laakiin ma dabaqaa xaaladaha aad noocyo of geedo midho leh.

faa'iidooyinka gaysashada

- Bulshada kelyaha kasta oo si fiican u sameeyay siin karaa warshad cusub oo dhan faa'iidooyinka kala duwan ee bilowga ah.

- Nidaamka waxaa lagu fuliyaa si dhakhso ah.

- meesha tallaalka Little ugu yaraan jidaynayey dhaawici stock xididka.

- Tallaalka ee rootstock isku in loo kartaa, haddii kulantay ahaa lagu guulaysan.

- geedo waaweyn oo midho ka gaysashada u baahan wax rootstock ugu yar. Tani waa run haddii ay jiraan kaliya waa mid ka mid ah ama wax yar oo u gooyn ah ee kala duwan oo la doonayo.

Waa maxay Grafting ee geedo midho leh

Hababka for Medier geedo waaweyn oo midho nooca jab u qaybsan yahay kooxo dhowr ah:

• indhaha marka meeshoodii ka mid ah kelyaha la yidhaahdo gaysashada;
• tacaalaan si yeedhay kopulirovka;
• warshad - hab ugu adag faafin ah, loo yaqaan ablaktirovka.

Tallaal oo dil farsamo geed midho u qaybsan yahay:

• talaalada in baadkiisa ah;
• maaddooyinka koox xun,
• waslad Grafting;
• kopulirovku toos ah iyo hagaagay;
• Medier ee kala ah;
• tallaalada, waayo, jilif,
• talaalada Dudko;
• gaysashada in baadkiisa ah;
• gaysashada in gaashaan T-qaabeeya ah.

Hababka Kuwani waa kuwa ugu badan. In dhaqanka, beeralaydu codsan ugu badnaan shan.

Hababka for Medier geedo midho leh oo ku saabsan heshiis on stock ah waxa loo qaybin karaa kuwa la sameeyey in xididka, in jirridda, laamood ee taajka, jiridda geed. Tallaalka sidoo kale wuxuu noqon karaa mid faras iyo dhinaca. tallaalka Horse u baahan jeex rootstock top, kuna waari dhexdeeda talaalayo dheeraad ah u sameeyaan sare ee geedka. The jab dhinaca jir lateral sameeyey oo aan jarida sare ee saamiyada.

Farqiga wakhtiga talaalka

tallaalka Spring waa la fuliyay in muddo ah casiirka dhaqdhaqaaq xooggan. Scion waa in la goostay in xilliga dayrta soo daaho ama horraanta gu'ga, laakiin waa in weli noqon nasinta. tallaalka Spring waxaa loo sameeyaa in April ama May, dhammaantood kelyaha ha xitaa u baahan bararin.

Tallaalka Summer qeybtii labaad ee xagaaga. Scion ay si fiican u horumarsan ee koorsada ee sanadka kelyaha iyo caleemaha. geedaha xagaaga maaddooyinka taariikhaha bilowdo 20 ee July iyo dhammaadaa aakhirka August.

Grafting Winter waxa badanaa lagu sameeyaa qolka. geedo isuga tiriyaa bilaha jiilaalka iyo guga beeray dhulka geedaha horay meeshoodii. Waxaa suurto gal ah in la is tallaalo ee xilliga qaboobaha iyo in dhirta ee beerta, haddii heerkulka ayaa hoos + 2 ° ma ay dhalan.

Gaysashada guga iyo xagaaga waa ugu wax soo saar leh, maadaama ay tahay marka la eego, kuwaas oo ciyi si fiican u tago ka jirridda, cambium ah ka daran qaybiyey fududaynta hababka iyo bixinta badbaadada wanaagsan kelyaha.

Xeerarka aasaasiga ah ee tallaalka

Si tallaalka lagu guulaystay? waa in aad:

• Tallaalaa dhirta la xiriira oo kaliya. Isteroberi on tufaax ama khudaar bulug jeeriga.
• Si aad u lakabka cambium (lakabka u dhexeeya jilif iyo alwaax) iyo baxsado goynta xigay ee. Haddii kale, geedka ma kori doono.

Grafting "albabka"

Gaysashada geedo midho leh "isha" mid ka mid ah farsamooyinka taranta ugu badan waa. Jab ka dibna waxay noqotaa hal buro. Warshad Spring meeshoodii kaymo iyo buro, sameeyay xagaagii lasoo dhaafay. Qaado la gooyn, go'ay dayrta la soo dhaafay ama jiilaalka goor dambe. In xilli isku mid ah kelyaha meeshoodii koritaanka tegi doonaa oo u siin diyaarad cusub, sidaas guga gaysashada loo yaqaan "jab isha shanta hablood."

Summer gaysashada waxaa soo saaray kelyaha, taas oo bisil in xilli ciyaareedka soo socda. In koritaanka kaliya guga soo socda, si xagaaga tallaalo loo yaqaan "gaysashada isha hurdada." Doona

Maxay tahay in uu noqdo Scion iyo rootstock

• caleemaha Okulirovannye waa in ay ahaataa yar yar, ballaciisu yahay ee 10-15 mm.
• Stock waa in ay ahaadaan leh qolof jilcincy yar yar, iyo sidoo kale-jaray mindi.
• Internodes for kulantay waa in ay ahaataa oo siman, flat, oo aan finan iyo kuus kuus.
• Kaliya fiican oo heer sare ah iyo si buuxda qaan kelyaha haboon gaysashada.

Geedi socodka ah ee ka gaysashada in baadkiisa ah

Tani waa hab caddaalad ah oo fudud of Medier geedo waaweyn oo midho. Waayo, hirgelinta tallaalka stock waa in la tirtiraa marka hore ka wasakh iyo ciidda iyo in ay diyaariyaan mindi iyo cajalad Duubista af badan. Next:

1. On rootstock gacmeed mindi af badan ka horyimid ilaa ay weheliyaan baxsashada ee 2.5 cm. Samaynta "carrabka". Qiyaastii nus ka mid ah "carrabka", laakiin mar dambe, waa in laga gooyaa.
2. Shield la kelyaha la jaro ka laan gabowday oo kale oo ka mid ah dhirta la xushay. Its size waa in dhigma cut on rootstock ah.
3. Shield la kelyaha waxaa la dhigay in ka badan "ayuu carrabka". Waa in uu gebi ahaanba ku beeganto cut on rootstock ama waa in ay iyaga isu geeyo si aan ku laayeen si fiican kulan la jilif cut iyo cambium.
4. Dhig gaysashada cajalad dhagan ilaa cajalad diyaar, kelyaha waa in dibadda joogo. laba todobaad gudahood, waxaan ka filan karaa natiijada tallaalka.

Baxsado of jab kelyaha ee ka gaysashada ee guga aan la baabbi'in doonin ilaa coalescence buuxa. guga Next waa la gooyay baxsado badan kelyaha okulirovannoy in tegey oo wuxuu galay koritaanka marka tallaalka la jiray xagaaga. Habkani uma baahna hoolmay jilif of rootstock ah, samaynta waqtiga tallaalka guud.

sacadda Habka maaddooyinka qaybta T-qaabeeya a

Waa habkan of gaysashada dhaqdhaqaaqa juice waa mid aad u muhiim ah, sida Scion si toos ah okuliruetsya lakabka cambium ah. Sidaas darteed:

1. kelyaha yaree for habkan in la talaalo la lakabka khafiifka ah ee jilif iyo alwaax. Length sacadda - waxa loogu yeero jeex - waa in ay ahaataa 2-3 cm, width - qeybtii centimitir ah. Samaynta xagaaga ka gaysashada on talaalayo kelyaha la doortay waa in la tagay, kaas oo waxa ay noqon doontaa habboon in la qaado gaashaanka. Xilliga gu'ga maaddooyinka laftiisa gaashaan, waa in laga gooyaa la margin a on top, kaas oo laga saari karaa ka dib hordhaca ah ee jeebka sacadda.
2. On rootstock, jirridda ama baxsado waa la gooyay, size ee horjoogeha u dhigma. First - meesha la qalay a siman, markaas taagan. Cidhifyada cut toosan hir duubnaadaan sida ay u helaan jeebka.
3. Shield la kelyaha top si hoose la gelinayaa jeebka. sacadda Edge faraha salka hoose jeebka, iyo tan sareba, haddii ay tahay, waa in laga gooyaa mindi.
4. Graft xidh go'an cajalad. Ligation bilaabo ka hooseysa oo si adag u riixay gaashaanka lakabka cambium of rootstock geedka ka.

tufaax gaysashada waxaa lagu fuliyaa via cut T-qaabeeya ah, sida waa mid fudud oo heer sare ah wax soo saar leh. Celceliska heerkulka kiiskan waa in 8 ° C.

Sida okulirovat jeeriga

cherry macaan inta meeshoodii on jeeriga. Tani waxay kordhisaa iska caabin ah dhaxan iyo dhalid. Oo cherry ah kiiskan dooran baadiyaha ah in siinayaa jeeriga dabacsanaan iyo compactness foomka. Gaysashada cherry on jeeriga cherry geed ka dhigi awood badan, oo ay ku dedaan qaboobaha adkaan doonto. Tallaalka bilaabmaa guga, dabayaaqadii March-April hore, ka hor inta dhaqdhaqaaqa Casiir. Si arrintan loo sameeyo, dooro dalagga laba sano of jeeriga, taas oo at height ah 20 cm ka soo ciidda meeshoodii cherry. Waaqsado cherry on cherry adag, si aad si taxadar leh oo ficil u baahan tahay. Habka aan fiicnayn loo qaadi lahaa dherer qalay kopulirovka ugu yaraan 3 cm. Ujeedada this, a shanks gaaban labada kelyood. Bartamihii July-faashad agagaarka talaalka yar wiiqay. Isla mar ahaantaana la kordhiyo xoog leh, taasoo ka timi kelyaha, iyo tan labaad waxaa hadhay saaro. Qaybta jarida inremantiga kor ku cut hoose ee giraanta.

Talooyin beeralayda

• Inta badan haboon gaysashada geedo noqday, kuwaas oo laamood waa ka sii dhumuc weyn ee taajka 11 mm. Haddii laamaha dhumuc weyn tahay 15 mm, waxaa wanaagsan in ay ka faa'iidaystaan gooyn Medier.
• Gaysashada dhinaca koonfureed ee jirridda ama laamo laga yaabaa in aan lagu guuleysan, maxaa yeelay kelyaha qalajin karaa qorraxda.
• heerka badbaadista wanaagsan ku siin kara gaysashada by dhowr hari on dhinac kala duwan oo ka mid ah stock-laan. masaafada u indhaha u dhexeeya oo kaliya waa in ay ahaadaan ugu yaraan 15 cm.
• Fogaan ah 30 cm ka bifurcation ee foosto waa in ay ahaataa albabka ee la soo dhaafay, haddii ay jiraan dhowr.
• Isticmaalka Putty ah khasab ma aha in marka gaysashada.
• Gaysashada in roobka waxaa ka mamnuuc ah.
• tallaalka lagu guulaysan in la soo celin karaa, haddii ay jilif on rootstock ayaa weli kala maqan.
• Okulirovat guga iyo maalmaha xagaaga daruurta oo waqti kasta. In xagaaga nidaamka kulaylka waxaa sida ugu wanaagsan sameeyo subaxdii ama fiidkii.
• Summer gaysashada ee cimilada qalalan waxay u baahan tahay waraabinta, mudda in todobaad ka hor habraaca. Waxay ku siin doonaa socodka dheecaan degdeg ah.
• indhaha Best noqon doonaan kuwa dhexe ee biqil.
• Waayo, gaysashada kelyaha baaluq oo kaliya ku haboon, indhaha. Waxaad ku hubin kartaa by si fudud isagoo keenay kelyaha ah in dhegta iyo adiga oo riixaya khafiif ah waxa on. Haddii codka waxaa celin waayey, "ayuu isha" hagaagaan.

Gaysashada of geedo waaweyn oo midho ku haboon dhalmo geed kasta dhaqanka ama geed. Markuu baasana farsamada ee tallaalka, ahaysiinnay kasta ka heli kartaa Beer kala duwan ay ugu jecel yihiin, ma ahan oo keliya kuwa koraan karaa cimilooyinka qaarkood. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, beeralaydu ku tiirsan oo keliya talooyin, jadwalka, barnaamijyada TV ama horoscope chalet, muhiim ma aha. Waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in ay qaataan galay account cimilada deegaanka iyo dhagaysan beeralayda Marexaan meesha aad degan tahay. Oo markaas beertii riyooyinkiinna aad dheer oo aan la sugi doonaa.