FTTx - waa maxay? FTTx technology

Haddaba waa tallaabo bixinta dadka isticmaala Internetka oo marin u ah, marka shirkado badan oo bilaabay in ay isticmaalaan farsamada sare, tusaale ahaan, FTTx. Waxa uu dayn inay saas u qaali ah oo ay adag tahay sida ay ahayd 5-6 sano ka hor. Suuqa ayaa waxaa hore u cokan dalabyada adeegyada sida. Sidaa darteed waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la tixgeliyo si faahfaahsan fikirka ah FTTx. Taasi waa, waxa uu noqon doonaa cad, haddii aad dhexgalin technology laftiisa.

Features

Si aad u isticmaasho technology cusub waxay u baahan tahay isticmaalka khayraadka gaar ah, iyo haddii ay taasi waa laga reebo lahayn, iyo FTTx. Waa maxay iyo sida ay u shaqayso la oran tilmaamay doonaa.

FTTx waa erey generic by taas oo muujinaysaa in hab guud ahaan sida dhismaha kaabayaasha network cable ah, taas oo ay node isgaarsiinta in ay hal dhibic ka gaar ah, loo yaqaan «x», kala fiber ee indhaha, iyo sii horeba si toos ah u Ajnbiga xaareysa cable copper. si toos ah waddo karaa optics si aalad ama qalab ka hawlgala internetka ah. Sida caadiga ah loo arkaa kaliya heerka jirka marka xira FTTx. Waa maxay? Waa kaliya line laftiisa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, fikradda aad u tilmaamaysaa isticmaalka badan oo tiro ka mid ah farsamooyinka link iyo heerka network. Thanks to shirkadaha broadband ay awoodaan in ay siiyaan macaamiisha adeegyo kala duwan oo.

Waa maxay xiiso leh waa shabakadda?

Sida engine ugu weyn ee horumarinta technology FTTx hadda taagan baahida macaamiisha weyn u helaan broadband, taas oo cajiib ah ay adag tahay in la gaaro oo isticmaalaya ADSL dhaqanka. Optics sii kordheysa bilaabay inuu qaato xididka ee magaalooyinka waaweyn, iyo haatan waxaad noqon kartaa u janjeera in ay ku milmaan ka shaqeeya ee heerarka kala duwan. Si firfircoon loo isticmaalaa technology, iyo tuulooyinka, halkaas oo ay helaan asalka ah si ay Internet la dhisay ku saleysan Jidka indhaha.

horumarinta rajada suuqa

Si aad si fiican u fahmaan nuxurka of technology this, waa in ay tixgeliyaan rajada horumarka FTTx ah. Waa maxay? On dhulka Ruush of formation of suuqa adeegyada sida ku xiran tahay ma aha oo kaliya on baahida loo qabo content tayo sare leh, laakiin sidoo kale on tirada mashaariicda dhismaha ee tirada weyn, iyo sidoo kale tartanka kordhay ka mid ah bixiyeyaasha adeegyada broadband. horumarinta firfircoon ee dhismaha dhismayaasha dhaadheer ayaa loogu tala galay in la xidhiidha FTTx waa badan inta badan oo dhan noocyada kale ee isku xirnaanta shabakad. Waxaa xaq ah marka la eego dhaqaalaha, iyo joogitaanka tartanka ka dhigaysa helaan si network waa wax badan ka jaban. ka shaqeeya ka hor dheer ma si gaar ah u eegay dhinaca macmiilka shirkadaha, iyo haatan sii kordheysa soo bandhigeysa xiisaha iyo macaamiisha joogtada ah.

Features of dhismaha

Ilaa dhawaan, technology FTTx loo isticmaalo by shaqeeya oo aan leeyihiin kaabayaasha gaar ah farcankii jir. Laakiin shirkadaha iyo aad u badan ayaa dooneysa dhinaca shabakadaha cusub ee sannadihii la soo dhaafay. Ka mid ah sababaha for this ifafaale waxaa lagu magacaabaa fursad in ay ballaariso kala duwan ee adeegyada, ballaarinta shabakadaha dadban ku salaysan fiber indhaha (hayaahi), iyo sidoo kale qaybinta Metro Ethernet, yaraynta kharashka qalabka, guusha ee ka shaqeeya badan oo dhismaha noocan ah ee shabakadaha.

nooca A cusub of content

FTTx Internet waxaa sii caan ah ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqada ah in dadka casri ah waxaa lagu soo jiidatay noocyada cusub content la naqshadeynta tayo sareeya iyo-qeexidda sare video. Sida koritaanka baahida Hannaan aasaasiga ah ee nidaamka sida uu noqday xiiso sii kordhaya ee adeegyada video. Marka xarunta of cuf waa laga soo wareejiyay multicast qofka, baahida macaamiishu kordhay qoondeynta bandwidth, taas oo aad ugu dhakhsaha badan ilaa 100 megabytes per labaad halkii reerka noqon doonaa.

Haddaba si firfircoon uga iibiyaan HDTVs LCD, taas oo ka dhigaysa waxaa lagama maarmaan ah si ay u siiyaan macaamiisha inay helaan barnaamijyada telefishanka tayo ka Khayrroon wixii TV leeyahay in ay bixiyaan qaab analog. Talaabada ugu macquul ah in horumarinta khubaro badan ayaa aaminsan in IP-TV. Tani waxay u ogolaaneysaa dadka isticmaala in ay doortaan Movies, gudbinta iyo shows, iyo sidoo kale wakhtiga ay noqon doontaa tan ugu haboon si ay u daawadaan. Taasi waa sababta aan dhihi karaa in xidhiidhka ka mass FTTx xPON horay kaliya hareeraha derbiga geeskiisii. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, wax khamaar ISP maalgelinta ee fiber indhaha, iyadoo u ah maalgelin muddo tobannaan sano oo iman doona, halka faa'iido badnaan doonaa kharashka marar badan ka weyn. Taas oo keliya oo sharxi karaa khadadka fiber si firfircoon uga iibsato, iyo noocyo kala duwan oo mashruuc tijaabo ah, oo ay ku jiraan hal-abuurnimo iyo sida la dul saarin of optics si toos ah u qalab macmiilka.

khataraha

Ku xiridda FTTx xPON sannadaha soo socda ma noqon doonto doorasho kaliya, damaanadna bixinta broadband, si kastaba ha ahaatee, awood dhismeedka fiber indhaha ayaa aad u sarreeya in aad noqon kartaa gabi ahaanba la hubo ee aan soo laabtay on lacag maal. Hadda ugu firfircoon uga shaqeeya berrinkii casriyeynta shabakadaha laf iyo suuqa technology FTTx, qalabka iyo waxyaalo kale oo ku jira marxalad design, waxbarashada iyo imtixaanka si tartiib ah.

Maxay yihiin naqshadaba kala duwan?

technology Rostelecom FTTx shaqeyn karaan mid ka mid ah dhawr nooc oo ah naqshadaba:

- FTTN (Fiber in Noode ah) - fiber indhaha si ay waddo Guntin shabakadda;

- FTTC (Fiber waddada) - fiber ah waxaa lagu sawiray xaafadda, quarter ama guryo dheeraad ah;

- FTTB (Fiber in Dhismaha) - fiber indhaha galo dhismaha;

- FTTH (Fiber Guriga) - fiber ah indhaha si ay guriga waddo.

Farqiga u yahay oo kaliya in u dhow ee cable ee indhaha si terminal user ah. Labada xal ugu horeysay waxay ahaayeen ugu horreeya oo dhan. The ugu horeysay oo ka mid ah ayaa haatan la isticmaalo, laakiin kaliya sidii miisaaniyad iyo si degdeg ah la geeyo halka ay hore u kaabayaasha qaybinta Copper iyo cable fiber optic adkaaday si fudud aan wax tar lahayn. Qof walba waa ogyihiin dhibaatooyinka ah in raaci go'aan noocan oo kale ah: hoose tayada adeegyada, wajihi sifooyinka gaarka ah ee fiilooyinka copper, xannibaad ku saabsan tirada xidhiidhada iyo xawaaraha hal cable ah. Nooca labaad - waxaa hagaagay iyo muuqashadii isbedelkii ugu horeysay, oo aan khasaaraha soo jireenka ah ku xusan. Markaasaa Ananiyas tegey fiilooyinka copper kiiskan waa la fuliyay si gaar ah gudaha dhismayaasha, si ay u ma waxaa waajib ah in dhammaan noocyada kala duwan ee arrimaha burbur, dhererka khadadka ma aha sidaas u weyn. arrimood oo dhan waxay ka dhigi waxaa suurto gal ah si loo gaaro horumar degaanka ee xawaaraha in uusan isticmaalin fiber. Noocan oo kale ah dalab waa ansax, haddii xiriir la isticmaalo FTTx xPON. Waxaa diiradda lagu saaray ka shaqeeya ADSL iyo wadayaasha cable TV. hirgelinta naqshadda dhismaha this uu iyaga ka siinayo fursad u kayd muhiim ah iyadoo la kordhinayo tirada dadka isticmaalaya xiran. Mid kasta oo ka mid ah loo qaybinayaa weyn bandwidth. noocan ah ee ka shaqeeya shabakad yar oo inta badan la isticmaalo ee Russia.

arrimood

Arrimaha la xiriira la geeyo qalabka shaqeeya on technology this ku xiran tahay kala duwan oo dhan sababo badan:

- haddii uu jiro kaabayaasha kale, ama ka hor wax aan la isticmaalo;

- haddii qalabka firfircoon meel guriga, ama in ay jiraan xadad qaarkood;

- sida badan oo dadka isticmaala ku talo jiraan in ay ku xidhmaan network cusub;

- go'an arrimo muhim.

qalabka FTTx-terminal loo kala saari karaa sida ay shuruudaha aad u gaarka ah, waxaa ku xidhan yahay ee «x» dhibic. kala duwan ee adeegyada ay bixiyaan shirkadda, ku xiran tahay tirada iyo nooca interface in uu isticmaalaa qalabka, iyo sidoo kale hab ee xakamaynta taraafikada. Haddii aad rabto in aad sii kaabayaasha hadda jira, ka dibna ikhtiyaarka ugu fiican waa in la isticmaalo nidaamka FTTC / FTTB, isagoo ah indhaha uplink-interface. Ay isticmaalka habboon ee shirkadaha waaweyn oo cabbirkooda, xarumaha ganacsiga iyo kaxeynayo la deggan yahay, halkaas oo ay jiraan kaabayaasha a copper hore ee jira. Tani waxay u baahan doontaa aalad kasta in meel router ee FTTx.

gunaanad

In la eego dhaqaalaha, ururka shabakadaha ku salaysan technology fiber indhaha waxaa ugu xaq leh fiirsashada weyn oo macaamiishu bixinta, ama dhismaha xaafadaha cusub, marka arrimaha ururka on saareen fiilooyinka waa masraxa design ka. network waa in la qorsheeyey si dhibic dhamaadka waa u dhaw in ay user ee sida ugu macquulsan. Dhismaha cusub ee wax sax ah si ay u wehliyaan waxaa si toos ah u keeno dhismaha in uu noqon doono haboon labada bilowgii iyo mustaqbalka.