BRDM-2: daafigaw, waxqabadka, soo saare, photo. sahan gaashaaman iyo gaari gaaf

In ka badan nus qarni ka hor by ciidankii Soviet galay BRDM-2. Russia sii abuuridda qalabka military. Mashiinka Tani waxaa laga heli karaa goobaha military ilaa iyo haatan. Iyagoo keliya ma aha in Russia laakiin sidoo kale dalalka kale. Waxaa jira xitaa waa fursad ay ku iibsadaan BRDM-2 ilaalinta isticmaalka shakhsi ahaan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in xaaladda noocan oo kale ah, waxaa lama yaqaan sida ay u dhaqmaan doonaa baabuurka ka dib markii hurudda ee ah labaatankii sano ee yar. Mashiinka Tani waxay u asiibi karo hawlaha ay. Waxaa la oran karo waa mid ka mid ah ugu wanaagsan ee gaariga, kaas oo "laga yaabaa".

gaadiidka gaashaaman ayaa dhaqaajinta sare ee dalka, caqabadaha biyaha, in xaaladaha off-road, iyo webiyada, iyo boholo. Tag meel kasta si ay u caawiyaan giraangiraha dheeraad ah, kuwaas oo la xiran karaa haddii loo baahdo. Haddii aanay xamili karin, caawin xarig culeys lugu koriyo. Gaariga waxa uu shahaadada sare ee hubka iyo ilaalinta ka dhaawac dibadda. module dagaalka waxaa ka mid ah qoryaha darandooriga, rido bam-gacmeed iyo hub kale oo heerkiisa kala duwan.

saaraha

Gaashaaman sahan iyo ilaalinta baabuurta 2 (BRDM-2) waxaa soo saaray at Automobile Gorky ee Plant in muddada u dhaxaysa 1963 in 1982 ka dib 7 sano oo mishiinka la soo saaray ee warshadda mashiinka-dhismaha Arzamas. Isla mar ahaantaana soo saarka ayaa la aasaasay dalalka kale. iyaga dhex yiil, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia.

History of abuurka

In 1962, ee hadda jira gawaarida gaashaaman Ruush ayaa kaabaya hab cusub, loo yaqaan BRDM-2. Waxaa la horumariyo by samaynta Xafiiska gaarka ah ee Automobile Gorky ee Plant hoos jihada ee VA Dedkova. mashiinka dagaal Tani waxa ay ahayd in ay bedel u ah BRDM-1 huriye by markaas.

model hore waxaa lagu gartaa joogitaanka cillado muhiim ah. iyaga ka mid ah ayaa ku yaalla engine hore oo leh awooda ka mid ah 90 litir. s., awood daciif, wax badan oo ka mid ah miisaanka, ma jidaynayey gaariga in ay qalabeeyaan hub dheeraad ah. Sidaa darteed, horraantii 1959 ay gacanta ku gaashaaman ee dalka soo saaray shuruudaha dhirta tixraaca mashiinka-dhismaha si ay u dhisaan baabuurta qaab wanaagsanaaday.

gaadiidka millatariga ah BRDM-2 lahaa in ay ka gudbaan caqabadaha biyaha iyo xabaal ballaaran. Si taas loo gaaro, mashiinka la qalabeeyey unit propulsion biyo-jet oo jidhka ah, jiid rollers, kuwaas oo actuated by engine ugu weyn.

Wakhtigan, shirkadda bilaabay saarka gaari GAZ-66 ah (si fiican u yaqaan magaca "Shishiga"). Sababo la this samaynta ku qaadan kartaa xubno badan oo horumarsan si ay u abuuraan a BRDM-2. 'reebi model salka la sameeyey iyadoo la isticmaalayo qaybo badan oo ka "shishiga". Kuwaasu waxay ahaayeen buundooyinka, gudbinta, powertrain iyo qaybaha kale.

Farqiga u dhexeeya model cusub ka version aasaasiga ah

ATV taayir laba ka ab khilaafeen sooca ah. BRDM-2 ayaa faaidooyin badan ururka ka horeeyey,

• Hagaagtay qaab-wadidda.

• awoodaha dagaal xoojiyay.

• degree sare ee ammaanka.

• Waxaa jiray difaaca anti-nuclear.

• engine The rakibay ka danbeeya, sidaas hagaagtay permeability ee halista oo biyo ah.

• Waayo, hawlgalka macluumaadka (jiilkeeda, kala iibsiga) ayaa loo isticmaalay hab radio.

astaamahaan kala saaro nooc cusub oo BRDM-2. Photos keeneysaa in isbedel in ay saameeyeen muuqaalka kore ee gaariga. jirka Bronezaschitnye ay diyaar by bartamihii 1960-. Laakiin qaybaha jiifku cusub iyo powertrain ayaa weli. Sidaa darteed, waxay lahaayeen in ay isku qaadan sida in version hore. In qaabeynta this ee ATVs military in ay baaritaanka ka yimid. Laakiin taasi waxay keentay in tiro ka mid ah dib u eegista xun.

Qasaaraha ka model iyo tirtiridda

gaadiidka millatariga ah waqtiga baaritaanka helay dib u eegista soo socda:

• Xuddunta, oo soo saarta engine awood dheeraad ah, gudbinta la isugu ma gudbiyo buuxda.

• Gaariga cadeeyay inuu yahay deganayn ee rukummada ku. Tani waxaa la dhameeya by track gaari cidhiidhi ah, kaas oo la sameeyay taasoo lid ku ah biriijyada dhismay "shishiga". Sababtan awgeed, gaariga aan dhaqaaqi karin on taangiga tareenka.

• munaarad The furan, kaas oo ku yaaliin hubka, ma ilaaliyo jabkii dhabta ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, qayb furitaanka diiday difaaca anti-nuclear.

• Inside gaariga ahayd meel aad u yar, oo aan ahaa ku filan markabka.

• dib u eegis Bad, kaas oo ay xirtey jir ah mashiinka (view gadaal) iyo darawal (midig dhinaca view) ah.

Khibrad BRDM-2-baarka, daafigaw oo ku sii, ay qaadeen ciidanka. Laakiin lama filaan ah, wax soo saarka mass ahaa marna bilaabay. Tani hortagi dood badan munaarad ka furan, oo ma ku habboon ciidanka. Sidaa darteed, samaynta lahaa isbedel aad mashruuca ka dhigi. Waxay aasaasay Spark qodobka iyo KPVT midig dhexe ee guryaha mishiinka. heshiis Tani ma saamayn patency ah (oo ay ku jiraan khataraha biyo ah). Laakiin at jabkii dhabta isla qarsoonaa gaariga gudihiisa ay eryi karin dadkii toogashada wareeg ah. shaqada nidaamka difaaca anti-nuclear aan la carqaladeeyey. Faa'iida ahayd in la yareeyo tirada shaqaalaha on hal qof. bannaan Gudaha ayaa noqday xitaa kuwa yaryar.

wax soo saarka Serial ahaa mid aad u gaabis ah. Waayo, 25 sano, waxaa la sii daayay oo kaliya 9.5 kun oo baabuurta.

BRDM-2: warshad daafigaw

Inta lagu jiro gaari-soo-saarka ay waxaa la soo hagaagtay dhowr jeer. Xitaa baaritaanka dibadda noqon kartaa daydo distinguished ka mid ah sano ee hore iyo intii dambeba.

Sidaas daraaddeed, hore ATVs military wuxuu lahaa laba godobihii kaas oo hawada soo socda. Iyada oo qaab trapezoidal ah, waxay xiran yihiin oo ay ded ah in gadaal laga furay. In dhexe ee wax soo saarka ee laba godobihii ahaayeen afar gees ah qaab iyo daahyada u xiran yihiin. The daydo in la sii daayey ee todobaatanaadkii of godobihii waxa la dhigay 6 saftay, ekaan likaha ah. design Tani waxay ka dhigtay in ay suurto gal ah si ay u ilaaliyaan engine ah.

shaqaale

gawaarida gaashaaman Ruush, waaxana shaqaalihii of 4 xubnood:

• Taliyaha.

• Darawalka-makaanik.

• Indheynta.

• Indheynta, kaas oo sidoo kale qori jabkii dhabta ah.

Taliyaha qabo dareewalka in xaalada garoonka sameeyaa daawashada daaqadaha arkaysid in la xiri karaa marka loo baahdo dabool gaashaaman. Intii lagu guda jiray dagaalka, si ay u dhawraan taliyaha isticmaalaa periscope ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa jira qalabka prismatic. 4 cutub oo ay taliyaha, iyo 6 - waayo makaanikada ah. Si ay baaraan aagga uu ugu Taliyaha habeen iyo isticmaalka darawal-makaanik qalabka aragtida habeenkii: TVN-2B iyo TKN-1C, siday u kala horreeyaan. Gelin gudaha iyada oo godobihii ah waxaa lagu qori karaa on top of jidhka.

Scouts waxaa la geeyaa at dhinacyada qol dagaalka. Waayo, mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah la siiyo kursi semi-adag ah. U fiirsasho of bidhaamayaan waxaa la sameeyaa iyada oo fasax ah diyaarin gudaha iyaga saddex qalabka prismatic. godobihii dhow la daboolida in loo isticmaalo toogashada hubka shakhsiyeed.

Features design

BRDM-2 Layout waa sida soo socota:

• Front - soociddiisa ee maamulka. Halkan waxa ku jira gacanta ku, raadiyaha, qalabka navigation, goobaha darawalka iyo taliyaha, si ay ula socdaan qalabka dhul ah.

• Bartamihii ah - dagaal qol. Waa xarunta ku jiray munaaraddii, kaas oo la dhigay qoriga. Waxa kale oo jira rasaas ah, wan Haydarooliga giraangirood oo dheeraad ah, laba kursi indheeyayaal ah.

• At doonnida - qol engine ah. Waxaa la go'doonsan inta kale ee hadlo xijaab mishiinka shaabadeeyey unit shaandhaynta. Si aad u hesho in ay unit xoogga waxaa la heli karaa iyadoo albaabada taaba.

Kiiska laftiisa laga sameeyey oo sheet bir ah giringiriyey dahaarka leh kula lakabka ah ee hubkiisa (6-10 mm). Tani waxay ka ilaaliya mashiinka ka soo Rid Goosimo hubka yar yar iyo qaraxyo anigaa heerkiisa yar.

Caddaymaha BRDM-2

engine loo isticmaalo mashiinka carbureted ku V-qaabeeya 8-dhululubo. awood Motor waa 140 litir. a. Aan shidaal kaga mashiinka safri laga yaabaa in 750 km dhulka ama 15 saacadood markii biyaha iyada oo loo marayo dhaqaaqin. taangiga shidaalka The 280 litir. Waxaa bilow Buugga motor drive.

Qaboojinta dareere ah, xiran nooca. Refrigerant waxaa laga siidaayey iyada oo loo marayo nidaamka forcedly.

Jiifku BRDM-2 daafigaw yar saameeyeen. Guud ahaan, waxa aad la mid ah in ee BRDM ah. Mashiinka wuxuu ka shaqeeyaa laba buundooyinka waaweyn. Marka aad marayso wado waxaa suurto gal ah in ay ku xidhmaan laba buundo dheeraad ah. Taas waxaa la samayn karaa iyadoo la kaashanayo of drive Haydarooliga.

cabbir Guud ee mishiinka:

• Dhererka - 2395 mm.

• Width - 2350 mm.

• Length - 5750 mm.

• Wheelbase - 3100 mm.

• Ground ansixin - 330 m.

• track Front - 1840 mm.

• track Rear - 1790 mm.

Machine culeyskiisu ku saabsan 7 tons. War sidee cadaadiska dhulka ah 0,5-2,7 kg / cm ^2.

ganaax guga. ilo leeyihiin qaab a semi-elliptical. Wheel formula - 4x4, haddii aad isku xiro oo dheeraad ah laba buundooyinka - 8x8.

cadaadiska Turos bartamaha la eegi karo. Jooji this daruuri ma dhigi sixitaanka ah waa suurto gal xitaa on go ah. Marka wadidda on barafka, taas oo daaha kama badna 30 cm, cadaadiska banjarin uma baahna in la dhimay. Machine dhaco iyada oo loo marayo barafka oo giraangirihiina way galaan dhulka.

Front Jaha guryaha xarig culeys lugu koriyo. Waxa ay u ogolaataa baabuur samovytaskivatsya. xarig culeys lugu koriyo waxay leedahay ciidan jiidaya of 3.9 tons. Dhererka ay cable waa 50 m.

Speed, taasoo horumarisa baabuurta oo dhan-dhul wheel marka aad marayso wado waa 95-100 km / h. Marka biyaha dhex marisaan dhaqaaqin, dhimaya this waa la dhimay si 8-10 km / h.

Mashiinka waa ay awoodaan in ay ka gudbaan caqabadaha height of taas gaadhaa 0.4 m. qoto dheer ee jidad ah, taas oo looga gudbi karo mashiinka gaaro 1.22 m. kaca Bridgeable waa 30 digrii.

beddelka

Waxa la soo saaray taayir ATV BRDM-2 dhowr hab doorinta. Waxaa loo soo saaray dal oo kala duwan.

At warshad mashiinka-dhismaha Arzamas lagu daro version aasaasiga ah sidoo kale waa version heli karo oo ka mid ah-BRDM 2 Milyan (A). model degi Tani qabanqaabada guddiga waxaa bedelay albaabada trapezoidal. Waxaa suurto gal ah si loo yareeyo miisaanka gaariga. Cayrin Muddo ka-BTR 80 amaahatay. Sida unit xoogga la Jaha engine naaftada turbocharged. Its awoodda waa 136 litir. a. version BRDM-2A dhammaystirayaa Idaacadaha oo la kala dooranayo laba nooc. Qalabka qori (7.62 iyo 14.5 mm).

On dhulka ee Ukraine waxaa la sii daayay beddelka yar. Sanadkii 1999, in Nikolayev soo ururay version of the-BRDM 2LD la engine cusub. model Tani ayaa loo isticmaali jiray xilligii colaadda ee Kosovo. Ka dib markii 6 sano oo Nikolayev soo saaray beddelid oo dheeraad ah - BRDM-2DI "Khazar". Dhajinta engine naaftada "Iveco" la preheating, imager kaamerada iyo hub cusub.

Laba beddelka dheeraad ah ayaa la soo ururiyay ee Kiev. marka hore waxaa la odhan jiray BRDM-2DP. Waxaa is khilaafeen miisaan yar, taas oo patency kordhay habab kooxda laga saaray. Halkii, rakibay design cusub engine in ay ka gudbaan boholo ah (boholo), dhinaca albaabka jidhka for paratroopers ah. set beddelitaanka hubka. beddelid labaad ee Kiev muuqday 2013. giraangiraha dheeraad ah saaro. Ku dar Idaacadda a, engine naaftada oo qaadi kara 155 litir ah. s., calaamadeysanayaan laambadihiinnuna godobihii hore iyo xagga dambe, waayo, paratroopers. unugyada dagaalka is beddelay.

Dhowr beddelka la soo jeediyay in ay Poland. The ugu horeysay BRDM-2 Milyan-96I muuqday 1997. Waxaa kasoo muuqday nidaam kala jejebiyey cusub iyo engine naaftada, "Iveco" 6-dhululubo ah. beddelid labaad soo galay 2003. Waxaa la odhan jiray BRDM-2 Milyan-96IK "sida dawacooyinku The". A engine fiicnaaday naaftada cusub "Iveco" 6-dhululubo. Dhammaystira radio gaariga, qaboojiyaha, screens latticed protivokummulyativnymi. heerkiisa beddelay Jaha darandoorriga. beddelid soo dhaafay soo saaray Poland - BRDM-2 Milyan-97 "Zbik B". On model this marka laga reebo lix dhululubo ee engine naaftada cusub "Iveco" ku adkeeyey gudbinta cusub iyo qalabka kale ee dheeraadka ah.

beddelid kale oo la ururiyey ee Belarus. Waxaa la odhan jiray BRDM-2MB1. Waxay Kolkaasuu giringirihii tababarka iyo propellers, jidaynayey safarka biyaha on. Model qalabaysan 155-hooras engine naaftada, raadiyaha, surveillance video, godobihii for Marines ah oo ku saabsan dhinac ee jidhka. Wax kabadal howlaha. markabka ayaa kor u kacay ilaa 7 qof.

In 2013, uu version of "Nibbler" bixiyeen in Azerbaijan. Diyaaradaha Biyaha iyo giraangiraha dheeraad ah saaro. Powerplant rakibay awoodda of 150 litir. a. ilaalinta anigaa iska soo hagaagaya. godobihii Jaha for paratroopers, munaaradaha darandoorriga unugyada military (gantaalo ah heerkiisa kala duwan, qoriga double-barreled).

Kazakhstan bixiyeen in baddalista ee isla sanadkaas. unit Awoodda waxaa lagu bedelaa warshad naaftada "Iveco". Bedelay buundooyinka. Waxay la geeyay ka-BTR 80. Sababo la this kordhay track. ganaax guga hadhay ka version ee aasaasiga ah. Bedelida la odhan BRDM-unu.

Its beddelid ahaa ee Jamhuuriyadda Czech (BADAN-B, BADAN-V), Serbia (Kurјak).

BRDM-2 saldhig ahaan abuurista baabuurta

Iyada oo ku saleysan BRDM-2 (Picture oo loo arki karaa in this article) ayaa bilaabay in ay horumariyaan baabuurta ujeedada gaarka ah. Waxay u dhawdahay inay isla markiiba bilaabay ka dib markii bilowgii BRDM-2-soo-saarka.

Horeba 1964, samaynta bilaabay si ay u horumariyaan model ah sahan kiimikada. Waxaa loo yaqaan-2px BRDM ama "hoomboro". Mashiinka waxaa la soo saaray ujeeddo ah baaritaanka ee kiimikada, bakteeriyadda, hanuuninta shucaaca. Gaar ahaan buuxiyaan version this yihiin:

• Device lagu qiyaaso heerka uu wasakhda hawada by shucaaca (Radiometer).

• analyzer Gas hawlgala hab toos ah.

• Roentgenometer.

• qalab loogu talagalay lagu ogaan karo sunta kiimikada, ka hawlgala hab semi-automatic.

• biiro Automatic in uu go'aamiyo in joogitaanka hawada nooca bakteeriyada ee nijaasta ahaa.

Hawada quudin for falanqaynta qalabka loogu talagalay biibiile hawada. baaritaanka ka dib, hawada saaray in ay meel ka baxsan. Geedi socodka ah ee quudinta iyo ejection falanqeeyay hawada gacanta darawalka. Si taas loo gaaro, labada hubka yihiin isaga ka soo hor. gaariga ay ka tageen raad ah marks lifaqaya. Waxay ahaayeen ereyada "caabuqan" on calanka waa huruud ah. Tan waa la sameeyey si loo ogaado waddada ammaan ah. Calanka aasaasay hababka gaarka ah ee mashiinka, oo lagu xakamayn karo ka qol waxay ahayd.

Ka sokow kor ku tilmaamay "hoomboro" kala duwanaanshaha u dhexeeya kale qori oo kala duwan mashiinka heerkiisa. Number of shaqaale ah hoos u dhigay saddex: Taliyaha, darawal (oo intaa qabtaan shaqo farsamo), indha indheynta (dhab ahaantii wuxuu ahaa farmashiyaha a).

In 1967, oo ku salaysan-BRDM 2 ayaa loogu talagalay mashiinka saraakiishoodii. Waxa aan ahaa ilaa munaaraddii kor. Halkii, ay qarka u saaran sunroof ah, taas oo hore u furmay. bannaan ee gudaha caawinaysa taliyaha, operator radio.

In tiris halkaas joogay version ah oo ka mid ah-BRDM 2U. Waxa xiiso leh in, halkii qalabka elektarooniga ah (taas oo hoos) dhigay ilaa munaaraddii kor loogu talagalay qoryaha.

Sidoo kale horumariyo mashiinada zvukoveschatelnye in ay leeyihiin awood ah gudbinta codka celcelis ahaan. Kuwaasu waxay ahaayeen daydo ah:

• 3c-72B, kuwaas oo aan ku soo rogi ciidan. Tower waxaa ku jira waxaa lagu bedelaa bar ah la samaacad ah. soo saaraha ayaa lagu bixiyaa kala duwan ee warbaahinta 7.5 km. U dir farriimaha xataa fog waayeen. Kaliya kiiskan afhayeenka waa in uu ku yaalaa meel fog oo aan ka in ka badan nus kiiloomitir ka gaariga.

• 3c-82, halkaas oo kooxaha ayaa lagu rakibay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ku kaydsan kaliya hal mashiinka munaarad qoriga. samaacad laga yaabaa in la maqlay isaga ku xigtayna waxaa noobiyaddii waxaa go'an fogaan ah 6 km.

Mashiinada ayaa sidoo kale loo sameeyey, waayo, gaadiidka gantaalaha ( "Baby-M", "Tartanka", "isha", "Falanga-P" iyo kuwa kale), gaadiidka gurmadka degdegga ah, baabuurta la awoodda in ay ka gudbaan kala ooday biyaha, nooc dayn ururinta. shaqaale tababaran ayaa yeelan kara qalabka tababarka si gaar ah loogu talagalay.