Archaisms iyo historicism. Tusaalooyinka qiimaha iyo

Qof kasta oo doonaya in uu barto oo uu horumaro, had iyo jeer ku dadaalaya inay wax cusub oo waxtar leh bartaan naftooda. Waxaa loo tixgeliyaa erayo gaar ahaan muhiim u ah in aan kaliya ay muddo dheer ahayd qiyaas ah oo erudition, laakiin sidoo kale kaa caawin kara in xaaladaha ugu lama filaan ah. In this article waxaad ku baran doontaa waxa archaisms iyo historicism. Tusaalooyinka erayada iyo macnaha guud ayaa sidoo kale waxaa laga yaabaa in faa'iido leh gaar ahaan cajiib ah wixii macluumaad ah.

historicism

Archaisms iyo historicism - waa category ah qaar ka mid ah erayada. Tan waxaa ka mid dheer erayo huriye. Tusaalayaal: historicism - faas, archaisms - Zelo this,. By historicism waa magacyadii walxaha loo adeegsaday by awowayaashayo, iyo in ay taariikhda ay jiraan marka laga reebo madxaf. Tusaale ahaan, ereyga "musket", taas oo u taagan tahay hub hore in loo adeegsan jiray in Russia dhowr qarni ka hor. By historicism khuseysaa erayga "faas", ka dhigan tahay mid ka mid ah noocyada kala duwan ee sahayda dagaalka. Waa wax ka dhigan tahay faas casri ah, laakiin laba garbaha.

Sidee historicism

Sababta ugu weyn ee loogu talagalay xaqiiqda ah in muddo afka muuqday historicism, waxay ahayd is bedel ah ee nolosha caadiga ah ee Aabayaalkanno, caadooyinka, sayniska iyo dhaqanka. Tusaale ahaan, noocyada bakhtiyeen dharka -'s jubbadda, jaakad, jaakada - mar dambe isticmaasho, oo taasi ayaa keentay in lumay oo magacyadooda ka afka. Haddaba fikradaha waxaa laga heli karaa oo kaliya in a tilmaanta taariikhiga ah. Waxaa jira erayo badan oo mar dambe loo isticmaalo, iyo hadda waxaa ay gudbiyo sida "historicism" category. Tusaale ahaan of this - fikradda ah in bartey taaban of serfdom ee Russia. iyaga ka mid ah - kirada, waajibaadka shaqada, si aad u gudbiso.

archaisms

Qaybtan waxaa ku jira erayo in loogu yeero wax iyo fikradaha ka jira ilaa hadda, laakiin magacyada is beddelay. Tusaale ahaan, awowayaashayo, halkii casriga ah ee "this" dheh "this" iyo "aad" ka dhawaajisay sida "aad iyo aad." Historicism iyo archaisms, tusaalooyin ka mid ah oo waxaa la helay in shuqullo badan oo suugaanta, ma aha had iyo jeer si buuxda u bedelay si kale loo dhigo, waxay keliya qayb ahaan waa la bedeli karaa. Tusaale ahaan, guun ah ama morphologically.

Sidee archaisms

Noocan ah erayada huriye muuqday ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqada ah in muddo erayada wax la beddelo, isa soo taraysa iyo hayeyna afaf kale. Sidaas darteed, erayada qaarkood lagu bedelay kuwo kale, laakiin macnaha la mid ah. Tani waa qayb ka mid ah erayada ayaa ka nolol dambeeyey isaga u gaar ah, laakiin si buuxda ma baabi'i ka afka. Ereyadaas waxaa lagu kaydiyaa suugaanta, waraaqaha iyo wixii la mid ah. In la abuuro a khayaali taariikhiga ah ay u baahan yihiin si ay u awoodaan si ay u cilinta dhadhan ee xilligii tilmaamay.

archaisms guun ah

Si noocan ah waxaa ka mid ah erayada iyo fikradaha casriga ah in ay ka soo tagay oo kala duwan oo kaliya a dhawaaqa yar, mararka qaarkood hal kaliya. Tusaale ahaan, ka archaisms guun ah ka mid noqon kara erayada sida "Abwaan", taas oo ugu danbeyn waxaad fartaan Wannaagga gelin "Abwaan" iyo "dab" noqotay "dabka."

archaisms morphological

Qaybtan waxaa ku jira erayo in ay noqdaan dad dhacsan in ay qaab-dhismeedka. Waxaa ka mid ah magac "ferocity" kaas oo noqday "ferocity", magac "eegeysaa" Maarraynta ah "neerfaha", falka "inay burburto", taas oo hadda u akhriya sida "ku guuldareystaan" iyo kuwo kale oo badan.

archaisms semantic

Archaisms iyo historicism, tusaale u ah erayada waxaa laga helaa meel kasta, inta badan ugu dambeyntii lumin macnaheeda run. Tusaale ahaan, "ayuu ceeb" casriga ah ka hor inta aan waxba ka badan "ayaa lanooga" iyo jir "caadiga" loogu tala galay in wax lagu sameeyey maalin keliya (tusaale ahaan, "Sida caadiga ah"), oo aan "caadi ah" loogu tala galay.

isticmaalka casriga ah

Mararka qaarkood erayadan, huriye, si beddelay in ay bilaabaan in ay isticmaalaan qiime cusub. Tani waxay la odhan karaa oo ku saabsan sida archaisms iyo historicism ku saabsan. Tusaale ahaan of this - erayga "guri ammaan". Qaar ka mid ah waqti ka hor joogsaday in la isticmaalo, laakiin hadda waxa uu ku soo laabtay Parma. Haddii hore waxa keliya oo la isku dari karaa erayada sida "boqornimada" iyo "monarchical", laakiin hadda baaxadda isticmaalkeeda ayaa si weyn u koray. Hadda waxaad maqli karo oo ku saabsan guri ammaan ah ee gooya ama macdan qodayaasha, taas oo ka dhigan tahay in xirfad this waxaa laga dhaxlaa aabbihiis wiil. Mararka qaar erayada huriye waxaa laga heli karaa in macnaha guud ah kajan ah.

qowlka deggan

erayada huriye sii wadaan in ay si buuxda u howlgasho afka oo qayb ka ah tibaaxaha go'an. Sidaas daraaddeed, annagu waan xajinnaa qaar ka mid ah historicism. Tusaale: erayga "suulka" wali la isticmaalo luqadda ee "debcin" erayadani, taas oo macnaheedu yahay "dib u fadhiisan". Isla ayaa laga odhan karaa oo ku saabsan hadal ay deggan "afaysto shiiley," ie, "yammer".

Xumaanshaha VS nooleenta

Waxay dhacdaa si erayadii Shaqaalaha dhicin in ay qaataan historicism, mar kale waxay bilaabeen inay in la isticmaalo ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqada ah in fikradaha ay matalaan, mar kale waxay bilaabeen inay in la isticmaalo. wax la mid ah ayaa sidoo kale dhici kartaa haddii ay la abuuray by wax cusub in uu yahay hab kasta oo sida fikradda ah dhacsan ama xidhiidh la leh. Haddaba erayadan historicism Dhawa garabaka. Tusaale: fiidkii hay'ad samafal ah, calan.

gunaanad

Waa in la ogaadaa in inkastoo dhammaan erayadii huriye kor ku xusan yihiin kaydka halkii dadban erayada, mana ka tagaan ha u ciyaaro ay door muhiim ah. Akhrinta shuqullada qorayaasha qudbad sida Tolstoy, Dostoevsky ama Mayakovsky, marar aad u badan waxaa laga heli karaa historicism iyo archaisms, iyo in si sax ah haleelaan fikradda ah in qoraagu uu rabay inuu u gudbiyo, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in laga war hayo oo ka mid ah muhiimadda ay leedahay. Sidaa darteed, haddii aad soo gaarto eray aan la aqoon, waxaa wanaagsan in ay tixraac qaamuuska awood.