farshaxan heer sare ah, sababtoo ah sidaas loo yaqaan, in qiimaha alaabta kasta waxaa ka mid ahaa in uu aasaas, tijaabiyey by time. Shakespeare, da Vinci rinjiyeynta, music, Schnittke, Rodin - liiska noqon kartaa muddo dheer, sababtoo ah liiska guulaha Dadka, abuuray intii ay jiritaanka iyo horumarinta, waa run ahaantii dheer oo cokan. Iyo wakiillo ka socda dhaqanka Ruush noqon kartaa faani ay isku wadanka yihiin weyn, Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev, waa mid ka mid ah meesha ugu horeysa ee sharaf ka mid ah qorayaasha ku aqoonsan yahay caalamka iyo suugaanta classical Ruush.
Abuuraha reer novel Ruushka
Haa, sax ah. Dabcan, si Turgenev suugaanta Ruush ahayd badan oo novelists tayo leh. "Encyclopedia nolosha Ruush" ee aayadda, qoray Pushkin, sawirka nafsi qarnigan oo dhan, abuuray by Lermontov in uu "Hero ...", iyo shaqooyin kale oo badan oo cajiib ah cuntada si ay maanka iyo qalbiga dadka Ruush, aqoon, horumariyo siin, sharaxay, qaab ka caawiyay ruuxa shaqsiyaadka baaluq waddaniyiin dalkooda. Laakiin waxay ahayd Turgenev dhigay sheeko a Ruush dunida ugu badan ee suugaanta, bandhigay akhristayaasha shisheeye la asalnimada ee dhaqankeena, nolosha, taariikhda. Jaho, shacuurta aan caadi ahayn oo ah afka, xiisadda shirqoolka, bandhigeen arrimaha ugu muhiimsan ee bulshada iyo siyaasadda bulshada, halganka fikirka, caan ku ah xaqiiqada Ruush, aragti nafsi ah oo qoto dheer iyo xirfad la yaab leh oo ah artist a run - kuwani waa sifooyinka lagu garan Turgenev ayaadse iyo abuuray oo uu ugu fiican. Thanks to dhageystayaasha shisheeye Ivan Sergeyevich iyo dhaleecayn ka bartay oo ku saabsan this ifafaale la yaab leh - ". Novel Ruush" "Suugaanta Ruush", ugu muhiimsan oo jeclaaday ilmahooda ka soo qoraaga ahaayeen "aabbayaasha iyo wiilashuba." Micnaha ay shuqulladii ka tarjumin qoyska oo kaliya polysyllabic, bulshada, rayidka ah iyo guud ahaan xiriirka aadanaha, laakiin sidoo kale barta of view of Turgenev on arimahan.
Maxaad aabbayaasha iyo wiilashuba
booska qoraaga ee sheeko uusan si toos ah u qeexan. Laakiin waa caddaalad ah ay fududahay in la ogaado haddii aad eegno dhow at Halabuurka sheyga, falanqaynta luqadda characters, nidaamka of images, si ay u aqoonsadaan doorka xubno shaqsi, sida muuqaalka, ka sheekaysay. Tani, kadis ah, waa mid aad u xiiso badan, "aabbayaasha iyo wiilashuba." Taasoo la micno ah shaqada ee horyaalka dhigay mar hore, iyo farsamo ugu weyn ee farshaxanka ee mucaaradka ah ama xaqiiqda biyo kama dhibcaan, la ogan karo oo dhan novel oo dhan.
Haddaba maxaad aabbayaasha iyo sababta carruurta? Maxaa yeelay, qoyska - waa cad yar oo bulshada oo dhan, iyo waxa ku jira, sidii oo muraayad ah, tarjumin adag, khilaafka mararka qaarkood riwaayado in ay yihiin gariir iyo xumad miyir dadweynaha. By waqtiga rimidda iyo dhalmada of qoraal ah oo ka mid ah nolosha novel, sida ay naqdiya Belinsky, "kala firdhiyey ee si qoto dheer oo ballaadhkeeduna" kala duwan ugu badan ee canaasiirta ay. Tani kala duwan ee noocyada iyo noo oggolaan in ay arkaan iyo fahmaan "aabbayaasha iyo wiilashuba." Macnaha shaqada la shaaca ka qaaday in dagaalada u dhaxeeya qarniyada, in aragtidooda ku saabsan siyaasadda, diinta, sayniska, farshaxanka, si dunida bulshada iyo si dunida. No yar cad ah iyo fasalka colaadda, sahlay ka dhanka ah asalka ah oo iska hor imaad adag ee Ciidamada bulshada iyo caqabadaha. akhristaha digtoon, adoo ka tegaya cutubka cutubka, si cad ugu fahmi horyaalka sarbeebta ah "aabbayaasha iyo wiilashuba." Taasoo la micno ah oo shaqo ah ma aha oo kaliya si ay u muujiyaan sii socodka ah ee ka ab iyo Dhaafida (dhinaca aadanaha guud), laakiin sidoo kale in ay soo bandhigaan iska hor imaad ah ee views aasaasay iyo fikradaha oo cusub, soo socda si uu u badalo jir ah.
u maleeyay in qoyska
Aan kala dhig ugu horeysay ee "u maleeyay in qoyska" ka sheekaysay. Waa in la ogaadaa in theme ee qoyska waa caan Turgenev. naftiisa dadka waaweyn oo dhan qoraaga ku noolaa "on darafka kale buul", oo waxaa isaga la jiray xiriirka arrin dhib leh hooyadeed. Sababtoo ah, laga yaabee, u tari diirimaad Ivan Sergeyevich guriga, wada noolaanshaha ee xiriirka ka dhexeeya jiilka ka weyni iyo kuwa ka yar. wax soo saarka ee "aabbayaasha iyo wiilashuba" sheegayaa kuwa qiimaha weligeed ah, iyada oo aan taas, dhab ahaantii, oo aan hore u dhaqaaqi karaan horumarka. Waxaa lagu muujiyey this tusaalahan qoyska Kirsanovs. Arkady, wakiilka ah jiilka ka yar oo ugu wanaagsan, in kastoo, iyo waxaa saameeya Bazarov, weli ugu dambaysta la xiran dadkoodii ay jeclaayeen. Xitaa ka dib markii uu yimid qarkii otchie kii halkan exclaims iyo hawada waa macaan iyo qaalisan oo dhow caasimada. Samaynta dalxiiska ah galay ee la soo dhaafay ee geesiyaal uu, Turgenev sheegay in Kirsanov aabbihiis si joogto ah isku dayeen in ay ka heli dhaw in wiilkiisa, si ay u wadaagaan danihiisa, in ay ku noolaadaan by waxa ku nool Arkady ogyahay saaxiibada uu, isku dayayaan in ay fahmaan jiilka cusub oo ku yimaado meeshii facooda uu. wax soo saarka ee "aabbayaasha iyo wiilashuba", sida hore u soo sheegnay, sheeko-ka dhibcaan. Laakiin halka Bazarov, oo waa koox weyin ee la soo dhaafay oo dhan, "ayuu awowayaashood" ay ka mid yihiin, in kastoo uu dusha qallafsan la aabbihiis iyo hooyadiis iyo muuqaalba, raacsiiyana galkii Oo quudhsata "jir Kirsanovs" dareen ehelnimo ma aha shisheeye isaga. Sayidka, ku dhaqanka qoyska iyo dhaaraheedii Reebay Turgenev. Dhoweynaya marxalad cusub, qoraaga ayaa aaminsan in mid ka mid ah si buuxda ma gaari karo xilliyo la soo dhaafay cross, oo ay ku jiraan sii socodka ah ee ka ab.
New iyo jir
Micnaha ay novel ah "aabbayaasha iyo wiilashuba" waa ballaadhan oo qoto dheer ka badan tilmaamay kor ku xusan su'aasha. Haa, runtii, jiilka yar yar, ay maximalism soo jireenka ah oo inta badan ka fiirsan naftooda ka maskax, more horusocod ah, tayo, dheeraad ah oo awood u leh tallaabooyinka la taaban karo oo waxtar u leh dalka ka badan kuwa da'da waxaa ay barbaro galeen in ku dhow ah. Waxaa hoogtay, laakiin by waaweyn iyo kuwa ay tahay. Oo Nikolai Petrovich iyo Petr Petrovich Kirsanov, dadka wax bartay iyo kuwa casriga ah maskax, weli inta badan ka dambeeya duulaya qarnigii hore kabax ah. fikradaha sayniska New, horumarka farsamada, fikradaha siyaasadeed ee ay u arkaan in ay adag tahay in ay fahmaan oo ay adag tahay in ay aqbalaan in ay nolol maalmeedka. Laakiin taas micnaheedu in la soo dhaafay waa in hadhay ma baabbi'in, illoobin in aad quusan, "cad", sida muujiyay by Bazarov? Waa maxay, ka dibna, si ay u dhisaan meel cusub ee vacuum ah? Nihilist Eugene ma sawiri kartaa sawir oo faahfaahsan - sida muuqata, isagu garan maayo, ma aha laftiisa. Iyo macnaha novel ah "aabbayaasha iyo wiilashuba" by qoraaga unbaa arkay ma aha oo kaliya in lagu dhaleeceeyo sidooda ee dhabta ah Ruush, nidaamka bulshada qurmay, iyo xiriirka inta badan aadanaha, laakiin sidoo kale si ay u caddeeyaan in aad gabi ahaanba ka raagin karaa soo dhaafay. ilbaxnimooyinka Human midba midka kale daba socday, oo mid kasta uu ku salaysan yahay guulihii hore.
Ra'yiga fikirka iyo bilicsanaanta of novel ah
Maxaa kale oo novel ah "aabbayaasha iyo wiilashuba"? wax soo saarka ee Turgenev qoran 3 marxaladood. Taariikhda ugu horeysay dib ugu soo 1860-1861 sano, markii uu abuuray text ugu muhiimsan, dhagarta la aasaasay oo qaabeeya nadaamka. Shirka labaad ee lagu loola jeedaa dayrta ee 1861 - bilowga ah ee 1862 qaboobaha ee. Wakhtigan qoraaga si firfircoon recycles text, sameynta goob iyo beddelka kooban, fidiyaa kala duwan ee ciinwaanka by dhibaatooyinka iyadoo la raacayo isbedelada siyaasadeed ee dalka. Ugu dambayntiina, in muddada u dhaxaysa February si September 1862 iyo isbedel final in nuqulka kowaad ee "Ruush Journal" shaqeeya "aabbayaasha iyo wiilashuba." Dhibaatooyinka novel ah - sawir cad ah ee dhaqdhaqaaqa inay kor u lahaanshada, xisbiga kacaan, muujinaya cusub, kaliya nooca dhaqdhaqaaqe bulshada curdinka, nihilist, waxaa su'aalo aasaaskiisii oo dhammu gobolka Ruush. 238 pages of print ganaax Turgenev ee far ku tegey story nolosha ee mucaaradka ah Bazarov, dhaleeceyn nihilism amoral, khilaafka u dhexeeya xisbiga Konserfatifka, Libaraalka iyo progressives kacaan maskax, siidaynta ee falsafada, ruuxiga ah, diinta, anshaxa iyo bilicsanaanta, colaadaha moral ah.
In qoraagu uu rabay inuu ku yidhaahdo, iyo waxa uu ka yiri?
Si loo fahmo macnaha novel ah "aabbayaasha iyo wiilashuba" waa wax aan macquul aheyn oo aan muujin image ee qof ugu weyn - nihilist a Evgeniya Bazarova. Qoraagu wuxuu sheegay in uu arkay tirada of a daacad ah oo xoog leh, sharta, duurjoogta koontarooli karin,, ka imanaya dadka, laakiin waxaa la xukumay failure, waayo, wakhtigii weli ma iman Bazarovs. Waxa uu sheegay in uu ogyahay, wuxuu jecel yahay ama neceb image isla ayuu abuuray. Ka dib oo dhan, qoraaga wuxuu damcay inuu dhaleeceeyo horrayn abtirsan jiray sidii mar wanaagsan, laakiin hadda-shiisiinta, fasalka muxaafidka, anada horumarka dhaqaale iyo siyaasadeed ee dalka. Laakiin Bazarov inay foodda u yimaadeen, oo waxay ku saabsan tahay qof this horumariyo dhaleeceyn qoyska ee muranku ka. Qaar ka mid ah maleeyay in qof caricature ugu weyn ee sharta, lampoon on jiilka ka yar. Qaar kale waxay soo gaaray erayga Turgenev "nihilist", wuxuu bilaabay inuu iyaga ugu yeedho oo dhan cayn kasta oo Xadgudba, xasillooni siyaasadeed soo saaray ardayda. Oo magacaaga Bazarov ayaa dhibcaha kala mid ka mid ah magacyada Ibliiska - Asmodeus. Saddexaad, qaadaaya fikradaha kacaan, taagay Yevgeny Vasilyevich in taliyuhu uu hogaamiyaha ruuxa. Turgenev ma wadaagaan fikradda ah mid ka mid ah, mana labaad, mana saddexaad. Tani waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah sababo kala fikradeed inuu ka dhex qoraa xubno ka mid ah "Casriga" iyo.
nolosha badiyeen fikirka
Haa, Ivan Sergeyevich, oo dhan naxariis daacad ah u abtirsan iyo naxariis in Bazarov, iyo qaar ka mid ah u cambaareeyay, iyo kuwa kale. In novel ah, wuxuu cadeeyay in nolosha waa ka sii adag oo kala duwan oo dhan fikradaha, muranka siyaasadeed, iyo waxa aan la gelin karaa wax kasta oo sariirta Procrustean. Nature, jacayl iyo kalgacal daacad ah, noolaynayo iyo xoogga ennobling of art, wadaninimo ka adkaan doonaa wax "dareen, dembi leh, qalbiga caasi ah." Oo ilaa maantadan la joogo qaddar ee geesiyaal shaqeeya oo xiiso leh iyo walaac noo, dawadda khilaafaadka, lagu dhiirigelinayaa in ay isku dayaan in ay fahmaan sida qoto dheer sida ugu macquulsan oo qof walba la baro in ay nin. Oo kanu waa feature ugu muhiimsan ee Classics weyn.